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Math Advanced Math Fundamentals of Differential Equations (9th Edition)

The initial value problem ( t + x + 3 ) d t + d x = 0 , x ( 0 ) = 1 . The solution of the IVP ( t + x + 3 ) d t + d x = 0 , x ( 0 ) = 1 is x = − t − 2 + 3 e − t _ . The differential equation is, ( t + x + 3 ) d t + d x = 0 Step 1: Rewrite the differential equation of the standard form d y d x + P ( x ) y = Q ( x ) as follows. ( t + x + 3 ) d t + d x = 0 ( t + x + 3 ) d t = − d x t + x + 3 = − d x d t d x d t + x = − t − 3 ... ( 1 ) Here, P ( t ) = 1 and Q ( t ) = − t − 3 . Step 2: Calculate the integrating factor μ ( t ) by the formula μ ( t ) = exp [ ∫ P ( t ) d t ] . μ ( t ) = exp [ ∫ ( 1 ) d t ] = e t Step 3: Multiply the equation (1) by μ ( t ) and obtain d d t ( μ ( t ) y ) = μ ( t ) Q ( t ) . e t ( d x d t + x ) = e t ⋅ ( − t − 3 ) e t d x d t + e t x = − t e t − 3 e t d d t ( x e t ) = − t e t − 3 e t Step 4: To obtain the general solution y ( t ) = 1 μ ( t ) [ ∫ μ ( t ) Q ( t ) d t + C ] , integrate both sides of the equation d d t ( x e t ) = − t e t − 3 e t and solve for y ( t ) by dividing μ ( t ) . x e t = ∫ ( − t e t − 3 e t ) d t x e t = − ∫ ( t + 3 ) e t d t Integrate the above integral by the method of u-v substitution. Take u = t + 3 gives d u = d t and d v = e t d t gives v = e t . Thus, the integral becomes, x e t = − ∫ ( t + 3 ) ︸ u e t d t ︸ d v = − [ ( t + 3 ) ( e t ) − ∫ e t d t ] [ By ∫ u d v = u v − ∫ v d u ] = − ( t e t + 3 e t − e t ) + C = − t e t − 2 e t + C Simplify further as follows. x = 1 e t ( − t e t − 2 e t + C ) x = − t − 2 + C e − t Step 5: Apply the initial condition t = 0 and x = 1 in the above result to find the constant C . 1 = − ( 0 ) − 2 + C e − ( 0 ) 1 = − 2 + C C = 1 + 2 C = 3 Substitute C = 3 in the solution x = − t − 2 + C e − t and simplify further. x = − t − 2 + 3 e − t Thus, the solution of the IVP ( t + x + 3 ) d t + d x = 0 , x ( 0 ) = 1 is x = − t − 2 + 3 e − t _ .

The initial value problem ( t + x + 3 ) d t + d x = 0 , x ( 0 ) = 1 . The solution of the IVP ( t + x + 3 ) d t + d x = 0 , x ( 0 ) = 1 is x = − t − 2 + 3 e − t _ . The differential equation is, ( t + x + 3 ) d t + d x = 0 Step 1: Rewrite the differential equation of the standard form d y d x + P ( x ) y = Q ( x ) as follows. ( t + x + 3 ) d t + d x = 0 ( t + x + 3 ) d t = − d x t + x + 3 = − d x d t d x d t + x = − t − 3 ... ( 1 ) Here, P ( t ) = 1 and Q ( t ) = − t − 3 . Step 2: Calculate the integrating factor μ ( t ) by the formula μ ( t ) = exp [ ∫ P ( t ) d t ] . μ ( t ) = exp [ ∫ ( 1 ) d t ] = e t Step 3: Multiply the equation (1) by μ ( t ) and obtain d d t ( μ ( t ) y ) = μ ( t ) Q ( t ) . e t ( d x d t + x ) = e t ⋅ ( − t − 3 ) e t d x d t + e t x = − t e t − 3 e t d d t ( x e t ) = − t e t − 3 e t Step 4: To obtain the general solution y ( t ) = 1 μ ( t ) [ ∫ μ ( t ) Q ( t ) d t + C ] , integrate both sides of the equation d d t ( x e t ) = − t e t − 3 e t and solve for y ( t ) by dividing μ ( t ) . x e t = ∫ ( − t e t − 3 e t ) d t x e t = − ∫ ( t + 3 ) e t d t Integrate the above integral by the method of u-v substitution. Take u = t + 3 gives d u = d t and d v = e t d t gives v = e t . Thus, the integral becomes, x e t = − ∫ ( t + 3 ) ︸ u e t d t ︸ d v = − [ ( t + 3 ) ( e t ) − ∫ e t d t ] [ By ∫ u d v = u v − ∫ v d u ] = − ( t e t + 3 e t − e t ) + C = − t e t − 2 e t + C Simplify further as follows. x = 1 e t ( − t e t − 2 e t + C ) x = − t − 2 + C e − t Step 5: Apply the initial condition t = 0 and x = 1 in the above result to find the constant C . 1 = − ( 0 ) − 2 + C e − ( 0 ) 1 = − 2 + C C = 1 + 2 C = 3 Substitute C = 3 in the solution x = − t − 2 + C e − t and simplify further. x = − t − 2 + 3 e − t Thus, the solution of the IVP ( t + x + 3 ) d t + d x = 0 , x ( 0 ) = 1 is x = − t − 2 + 3 e − t _ .

Solution Summary: The author explains how to solve the initial value problem (t+x+3)dt +dx=0, and calculates the integrating factor.

Fundamentals of Differential Equations (9th Edition)

Fundamentals of Differential Equations (9th Edition)

9th Edition

ISBN: 9780321977069

Author: R. Kent Nagle, Edward B. Saff, Arthur David Snider

Publisher: PEARSON

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Chapter 2 Solutions

Fundamentals of Differential Equations (9th Edition)

Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 716, solve the equation. 7. xdydx=1y3 Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 716, solve the equation. 8. dxdt=3xt2 Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 716, solve the equation. 9....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 716, solve the equation. 10....

Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 716, solve the equation. 11....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 716, solve the equation. 12....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 716, solve the equation. 13....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 716, solve the equation. 14. dxdtx3=x Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 716, solve the equation. 15....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 716, solve the equation. 16. y1 dy +...Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 1726, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 1726, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 1726, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 1726, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 1726, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 1726, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 23E Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 1726, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 1726, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.2 - In Problems 1726, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 27E Ch. 2.2 - Sketch the solution to the initial value problem...Ch. 2.2 - Uniqueness Questions. In Chapter 1 we indicated...Ch. 2.2 - As stated in this section, the separation of...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 31E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 32E Ch. 2.2 - Mixing. Suppose a brine containing 0.3 kilogram...Ch. 2.2 - Newtons Law of Cooling. According to Newtons law...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 35E Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 36E Ch. 2.2 - Compound Interest. If P(t) is the amount of...Ch. 2.2 - Free Fall. In Section 2.1, we discussed a model...Ch. 2.2 - Grand Prix Race. Driver A had been leading...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 40E Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 16, determine whether the given...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 716, obtain the general solution to...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 716, obtain the general solution to...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 716, obtain the general solution to...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 716, obtain the general solution to...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 716, obtain the general solution to...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 716, obtain the general solution to...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 716, obtain the general solution to...Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 716, obtain the general solution to...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 17E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 18E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 19E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 20E Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 1722, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.3 - In Problems 1722, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.3 - Radioactive Decay. In Example 2 assume that the...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 24E Ch. 2.3 - (a) Using definite integration, show that the...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 26E Ch. 2.3 - Constant Multiples of Solutions. (a) Show that y =...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 29E Ch. 2.3 - Bernoulli Equations. The equation (18) dydx+2y=xy2...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 31E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 32E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 33E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 34E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 35E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 36E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 37E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 38E Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 39E Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 18, classify the equation as...Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 18, classify the equation as...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 18, classify the equation as...Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 18, classify the equation as...Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 18, classify the equation as...Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 18, classify the equation as...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 9E Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 920, determine whether the equation is...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 11E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 12E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 13E Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 920, determine whether the equation is...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 920, determine whether the equation is...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 17E Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 920, determine whether the equation is...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 19E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 20E Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 2126, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 22E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 23E Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 2126, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 25E Ch. 2.4 - In Problems 2126, solve the initial value problem....Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 27E Ch. 2.4 - For each of the following equations, find the most...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 29E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 30E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 31E Ch. 2.4 - Orthogonal Trajectories. A geometric problem...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 33E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 34E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 35E Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 36E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 1E Ch. 2.5 - In Problems 16, identify the equation as...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.5 - In Problems 16, identify the equation as...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 6E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 7E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 9E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 10E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 11E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 12E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 13E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 14E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 16E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 17E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 18E Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 19E Ch. 2.5 - Verify that when the linear differential equation...Ch. 2.6 - In Problems 18, identify (do not solve) the...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 2E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 3E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 4E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 5E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 6E Ch. 2.6 - In Problems 18, identify (do not solve) the...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 8E Ch. 2.6 - Use the method discussed under Homogeneous...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 10E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 11E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 12E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 13E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 14E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 15E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 16E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 17E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 18E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 19E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 20E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 21E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 22E Ch. 2.6 - Use the method discussed under Bernoulli Equations...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 24E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 25E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 26E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 27E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 28E Ch. 2.6 - Use the method discussed under Equations with...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 30E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 31E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 32E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 33E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 34E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 35E Ch. 2.6 - In Problems 3340, solve the equation given in: 36....Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 37E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 38E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 39E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 40E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 41E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 42E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 43E Ch. 2.6 - Show that equation (13) reduces to an equation of...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 45E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 46E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 47E Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 48E Ch. 2 - In Problems 130, solve the equation. 1....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 3RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 4RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 5RP Ch. 2 - In Problems 130, solve the equation. 6. 2xy3 dx ...Ch. 2 - In Problems 130, solve the equation. 7. t3y2 dt +...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8RP Ch. 2 - In Problems 130, solve the equation. 9. (x2 + y2)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 10RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 11RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 12RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 13RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 14RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 15RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 16RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 17RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 18RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 19RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 20RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 21RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 22RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 23RP Ch. 2 - In Problems 130, solve the equation. 24. (y/x +...Ch. 2 - Prob. 25RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 26RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 27RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 28RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 29RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 30RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 31RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 32RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 33RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 34RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 35RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 36RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 37RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 38RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 39RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 40RP Ch. 2 - Prob. 41RP

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