(a) Interpretation: Dynamic model for the pressures in the given two surge tanks as well as for the air mass flow rates is to be developed. Concept introduction: For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics , transport phenomena , chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes. In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.5E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Dynamic model for the pressures in the given two surge tanks as well as for the air mass flow rates is to be developed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The model of the given surge tanks are to be modified for adiabatic conditions of operation. Also, the approach used in preparing the model is to be stated if the ideal gas law were not a good approximation for the given process.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

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A pilot process is being planned to produce antibiotic P. Antibiotic P is a compound secreted by microorganism A during the stationary phase. To produce P, substrate S is required. The growth of microorganism A follows the Monod equation, with a maximum specific growth rate $\mu_m = 1 h^{-1}$ and a half-saturation constant $K_s = 700\ mg/L$.The pilot process uses a chemostat with a working volume of $1000\ L$. In this chemostat, the outflow is processed to separate microorganisms, which are then concentrated tenfold and recycled. A sterile medium containing $15\ g/L$ of substrate is supplied at a flow rate of $100\ L/h$, while the recycled flow (concentrated) contains $5\ g/L$ and is also fed into the chemostat.Microorganism A yields $0.5\ g$ of biomass per $1\ g$ of substrate consumed $(Y^M_{X/S} = 0.5\ g\ A/g\ S)$, and its death rate $(k_d)$ is negligible. Additionally, $1\ g$ of microorganism A produces $0.05\ g$ of antibiotic P per hour $(q_P = 0.05 g\ P/h\cdot g\ A)$, and $1\ g$…

In the production of ethyl acetate via reactive distillation, the column operates at 5 bar with an equimolar feed (ethanol + acetic acid) at 80°C. The reaction follows: \[CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH \rightleftharpoons CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O \quad (K_{eq} = 4.2 \text{ at } 80°C)\] Given: - NRTL parameters for all binary pairs - Tray efficiency = 65% - Vapor-liquid equilibrium exhibits positive azeotrope formation Calculate the exact minimum reflux ratio required to achieve 98% ethyl acetate purity in the distillate, assuming: 1) The reaction reaches equilibrium on each tray 2) The heavy key component is water

In a multi-stage distillation column designed to separate a binary mixture of ethanol and water, the mass flow rate of the feed entering the column is $ F $, and the distillate product flow rate is $ D $. The reflux ratio $ R $ is defined as the ratio of the liquid returned to the column to the distillate flow rate. For the ideal case, where the column operates at maximum efficiency, determine the **minimum reflux ratio** $ R_{\text{min}} $ when the relative volatility $ \alpha = 1.5 $.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.5E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Dynamic model for the pressures in the given two surge tanks as well as for the air mass flow rates is to be developed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The model of the given surge tanks are to be modified for adiabatic conditions of operation. Also, the approach used in preparing the model is to be stated if the ideal gas law were not a good approximation for the given process.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.5E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Dynamic model for the pressures in the given two surge tanks as well as for the air mass flow rates is to be developed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The model of the given surge tanks are to be modified for adiabatic conditions of operation. Also, the approach used in preparing the model is to be stated if the ideal gas law were not a good approximation for the given process.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.5E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Dynamic model for the pressures in the given two surge tanks as well as for the air mass flow rates is to be developed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The model of the given surge tanks are to be modified for adiabatic conditions of operation. Also, the approach used in preparing the model is to be stated if the ideal gas law were not a good approximation for the given process.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 2, Problem 2.5E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Dynamic model for the pressures in the given two surge tanks as well as for the air mass flow rates is to be developed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The model of the given surge tanks are to be modified for adiabatic conditions of operation. Also, the approach used in preparing the model is to be stated if the ideal gas law were not a good approximation for the given process.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Answer 6

Chapter 2, Problem 2.5E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Dynamic model for the pressures in the given two surge tanks as well as for the air mass flow rates is to be developed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Answer 7

Chapter 2, Problem 2.5E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Dynamic model for the pressures in the given two surge tanks as well as for the air mass flow rates is to be developed.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The model of the given surge tanks are to be modified for adiabatic conditions of operation. Also, the approach used in preparing the model is to be stated if the ideal gas law were not a good approximation for the given process.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The model of the given surge tanks are to be modified for adiabatic conditions of operation. Also, the approach used in preparing the model is to be stated if the ideal gas law were not a good approximation for the given process.

Concept introduction:

For chemical processes, dynamic models consisting of ordinary differential equations are derived through unsteady-state conservation laws. These laws generally include mass and energy balances

The process models generally include algebraic relationships which commence from thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical kinetics, and physical properties of the processes.

In the steady-state process, the accumulation in the process is taken as zero.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.1E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.2E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.3E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.4E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.5E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.6E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.7E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.8E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.9E Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.10E

Solution Summary: The author explains the dynamic model for the pressures in the given two surge tanks as well as for air mass flow rates.

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Chapter 2 Solutions