Chapter 2, Problem 2.52QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given pairs the two species those are closely related in their chemical properties should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Cation: Removal of electron from the atom results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The net charge present in the element denotes the presence or absence of electrons in the element.

Periodic Table: The available chemical elements are arranged considering their atomic number, the electronic configuration and their properties. The elements placed on the left of the table are metals and non-metals are placed on right side of the table.

In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group.

The elements placed on the left of the table are metals which contain its last electron on s-orbital hence considered as s-block elements and the elements placed on the right side of the table contains its last electron in p-orbital which is regarded as p-block elements.

The s and p block elements together are called as main group elements.

In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group. There are seven periods and 18 groups present in the table and some of those groups are given special name as follows,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Group-1}\to \text{Alkali metal}\\ \text{Group-2}\to \text{Alkaline metals}\\ \text{Group-16}\to \text{Chalcogens}\\ \text{Group-17}\to \text{Halogens}\\ \text{Group-18}\to \text{Noble gases}\end{array}$