Whether calcium chloride is a pure substance or not is to be explained. Concept introduction: A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point. An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.3P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether calcium chloride is a pure substance or not is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the octatomic molecule of sulfur is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether baking powder composed of 26−30% sodium hydrogen carbonate and 30−35% calcium dihydrogen phosphate by mass is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether cytosine, a component of DNA consisting of H, C, N and O atoms bonded in a specific arrangement, is a pure substance or not, is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

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3. Consider the compounds below and determine if they are aromatic, antiaromatic, or non-aromatic. In case of aromatic or anti-aromatic, please indicate number of I electrons in the respective systems. (Hint: 1. Not all lone pair electrons were explicitly drawn and you should be able to tell that the bonding electrons and lone pair electrons should reside in which hybridized atomic orbital 2. You should consider ring strain- flexibility and steric repulsion that facilitates adoption of aromaticity or avoidance of anti- aromaticity) H H N N: NH2 N Aromaticity (Circle) Aromatic Aromatic Aromatic Aromatic Aromatic Antiaromatic Antiaromatic Antiaromatic Antiaromatic Antiaromatic nonaromatic nonaromatic nonaromatic nonaromatic nonaromatic aromatic TT electrons Me H Me Aromaticity (Circle) Aromatic Aromatic Aromatic Aromatic Aromatic Antiaromatic Antiaromatic Antiaromatic Antiaromatic Antiaromatic nonaromatic nonaromatic nonaromatic nonaromatic nonaromatic aromatic πT electrons H HH…

A chemistry graduate student is studying the rate of this reaction: 2 HI (g) →H2(g) +12(g) She fills a reaction vessel with HI and measures its concentration as the reaction proceeds: time (minutes) [IH] 0 0.800M 1.0 0.301 M 2.0 0.185 M 3.0 0.134M 4.0 0.105 M Use this data to answer the following questions. Write the rate law for this reaction. rate = 0 Calculate the value of the rate constant k. k = Round your answer to 2 significant digits. Also be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.3P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether calcium chloride is a pure substance or not is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the octatomic molecule of sulfur is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether baking powder composed of 26−30% sodium hydrogen carbonate and 30−35% calcium dihydrogen phosphate by mass is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether cytosine, a component of DNA consisting of H, C, N and O atoms bonded in a specific arrangement, is a pure substance or not, is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.3P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether calcium chloride is a pure substance or not is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the octatomic molecule of sulfur is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether baking powder composed of 26−30% sodium hydrogen carbonate and 30−35% calcium dihydrogen phosphate by mass is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether cytosine, a component of DNA consisting of H, C, N and O atoms bonded in a specific arrangement, is a pure substance or not, is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.3P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether calcium chloride is a pure substance or not is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the octatomic molecule of sulfur is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether baking powder composed of 26−30% sodium hydrogen carbonate and 30−35% calcium dihydrogen phosphate by mass is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether cytosine, a component of DNA consisting of H, C, N and O atoms bonded in a specific arrangement, is a pure substance or not, is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

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Answer 5

Chapter 2, Problem 2.3P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether calcium chloride is a pure substance or not is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the octatomic molecule of sulfur is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether baking powder composed of 26−30% sodium hydrogen carbonate and 30−35% calcium dihydrogen phosphate by mass is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether cytosine, a component of DNA consisting of H, C, N and O atoms bonded in a specific arrangement, is a pure substance or not, is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

Answer 6

Chapter 2, Problem 2.3P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether calcium chloride is a pure substance or not is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

Answer 7

Chapter 2, Problem 2.3P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether calcium chloride is a pure substance or not is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the octatomic molecule of sulfur is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the octatomic molecule of sulfur is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether baking powder composed of 26−30% sodium hydrogen carbonate and 30−35% calcium dihydrogen phosphate by mass is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether baking powder composed of 26−30% sodium hydrogen carbonate and 30−35% calcium dihydrogen phosphate by mass is a pure substance or not is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether cytosine, a component of DNA consisting of H, C, N and O atoms bonded in a specific arrangement, is a pure substance or not, is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether cytosine, a component of DNA consisting of H, C, N and O atoms bonded in a specific arrangement, is a pure substance or not, is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A substance composed of only one kind of an element or a compound can be defined as a pure substance. A pure substance has a uniform composition and properties in all the parts. A compound which is chemically pure has a specific melting and boiling point.

An impure substance is a mixture of two or more different elements or compounds or elements and compound. It has no definite composition and properties. The constituents are not chemically bonded to one another.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

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