CHEMISTRY/ALEKS AND CONNECT
CHEMISTRY/ALEKS AND CONNECT
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781266004483
Author: SILBERBERG
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.121P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The fraction of volume in a helium atom occupied by the nucleus is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Atom is a neutral particle. The presence of an equal number of protons and neutrons make atom a neutral species. Protons are positively charged particles that along with the neutral particles neutrons, make up the nucleus of an atom. The nucleus of an atom is densely packed and occupies a very small volume in the atom at the center. Electrons are negatively charged particles that revolve around the atomic nucleus due to the electrostatic force of attraction between the protons and the electrons.

The formula to calculate the volume of the spherical helium atom is,

Volume of the atom=43π(radius of the atom)3 (1)

The formula to calculate the volume of the spherical nucleus is,

Volume of the nucleus=43π(radius of the nucleus)3 (2)

The formula to calculate the fraction of the volume of atom occupied by the nucleus is,

Fraction of volume=Volume of the nucleusVolume of the atom (3)

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The fraction of the helium-4 atom's mass occupied by the nucleus is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Atom is a neutral particle. The presence of an equal number of protons and neutrons make atom a neutral species. Protons are positively charged particles that along with the neutral particles neutrons, make up the nucleus of an atom. The nucleus of an atom is densely packed and occupies a very small volume in the atom at the center. Electrons are negatively charged particles that revolve around the atomic nucleus due to the electrostatic force of attraction between the protons and the electrons.

The general formula to calculate the total mass of the electrons in a helium-4 is,

Total mass of electrons=(2)(mass of each electron) (7)

The general formula to calculate the mass of the nucleus of an atom is,

Mass of nucleus=Mass of the atom−Mass of the electrons (8)

The general formula to calculate the mass fraction of the nucleus of an atom is,

Mass fraction=Mass of the nucleusMass of the atom (9)

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I have a question about this problem involving mechanisms and drawing curved arrows for acids and bases. I know we need to identify the nucleophile and electrophile, but are there different types of reactions? For instance, what about Grignard reagents and other types that I might not be familiar with? Can you help me with this? I want to identify the names of the mechanisms for problems 1-14, such as Gilman reagents and others. Are they all the same? Also, could you rewrite it so I can better understand? The handwriting is pretty cluttered. Additionally, I need to label the nucleophile and electrophile, but my main concern is whether those reactions differ, like the "Brønsted-Lowry acid-base mechanism, Lewis acid-base mechanism, acid-catalyzed mechanisms, acid-catalyzed reactions, base-catalyzed reactions, nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (SN1 and SN2), elimination reactions (E1 and E2), organometallic mechanisms, and so forth."

Chapter 2 Solutions

CHEMISTRY/ALEKS AND CONNECT

Ch. 2.1 - Does each of the following scenes best represent...Ch. 2.1 - Describe the following representation of a...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 2.2AFPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 2.2BFPCh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.3AFPCh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.3BFPCh. 2.5 - Titanium, the ninth most abundant element, is used...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 2.4BFPCh. 2.5 - Prob. 2.5AFPCh. 2.5 - Boron (B; Z = 5) has two naturally occurring...
Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 2.6AFPCh. 2.6 - Prob. 2.6BFPCh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.7AFPCh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.7BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.8AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.8BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.9AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.9BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.10AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.10BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.11AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.11BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.13AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.13BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.14AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.14BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.15AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.15BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.16AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.16BFPCh. 2.8 - Determine the name, formula, and molecular (or...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.17BFPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.1PCh. 2 - List two differences between a compound and a...Ch. 2 - Which of the following are pure substances?...Ch. 2 - Classify each substance in Problem 2.3 as an...Ch. 2 - Explain the following statement: The smallest...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.6PCh. 2 - Can the relative amounts of the components of a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.8PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.9PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.10PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.11PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.12PCh. 2 - In our modern view of matter and energy, is the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.14PCh. 2 - Which of the following scenes illustrate(s) the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.16PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.17PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.18PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.19PCh. 2 - Fluorite, a mineral of calcium, is a compound of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.21PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.22PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.23PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.24PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.25PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.26PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.27PCh. 2 - Dolomite is a carbonate of magnesium and calcium....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.29PCh. 2 - Which of Dalton’s postulates about atoms are...Ch. 2 - Use Dalton’s theory to explain why potassium...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.32PCh. 2 - The following charges on individual oil droplets...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.34PCh. 2 - When Rutherford’s coworkers bombarded gold foil...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.36PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.37PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.38PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.39PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.40PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.41PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.42PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.43PCh. 2 - Write the notation for each atomic depiction: Ch. 2 - Write the notation for each atomic depiction: Ch. 2 - Draw atomic depictions similar to those in Problem...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.47PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.48PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.49PCh. 2 - Chlorine has two naturally occurring isotopes,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.51PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.52PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.53PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.54PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.55PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.56PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.57PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.58PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.59PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.60PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.61PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.62PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.63PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.64PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.65PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.66PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.67PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.68PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.69PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.70PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.71PCh. 2 - What monatomic ions would you expect radium (Z =...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.73PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.74PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.75PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.76PCh. 2 - The radii of the sodium and potassium ions are 102...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.78PCh. 2 - What information about the relative numbers of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.80PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.81PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.82PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.83PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.84PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.85PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.86PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.87PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.88PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.89PCh. 2 - Give the systematic names for the formulas or the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.91PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.92PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.93PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.94PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.95PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.96PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.97PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.98PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.99PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.100PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.101PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.102PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.103PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.104PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.105PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.106PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.107PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.108PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.109PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.110PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.111PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.112PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.113PCh. 2 - What is the difference between a homogeneous and a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.115PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.116PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.117PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.118PCh. 2 - Which separation method is operating in each of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.120PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.121PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.122PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.123PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.124PCh. 2 - Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, formed from the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.126PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.127PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.128PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.129PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.130PCh. 2 - The following scenes represent a mixture of two...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.132PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.133PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.134PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.135PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.136PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.137PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.138PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.139PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.140PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.141PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.142PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.143PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.144PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.145PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.146PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.147P
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