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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The atomic view and the continuous view of matter should be distinguished.
Concept Introduction:
Matter refers to any substance that occupies some space and has various physical and chemical properties.
(a)
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Answer to Problem 1RQ
Solution:
According to Aristotle’s continuous view, a matter is the smallest part of a substance and it can’t be divided into smaller components.
However, according to Dalton’s atomic view, a matter consists of smaller particles called atoms. Atoms contain various sub-atomic particles like electrons, protons, and neutrons.
Explanation of Solution
A matter is a substance that occupies space. Aristotle found that matter can’t be divided into smaller particles. For this reason, his view is known as the continuous view of the matter.
According to Dalton, a matter consists of smaller particles known as atoms. These atoms provide different physical and chemical properties. For this reason, his view is known as the atomic view of the matter.
(b)
Interpretation:
The ancient Greek definition of an element and the modern definition of an element should be distinguished.
Concept Introduction:
An element was defined in ancient times and gradually the definition has been modified to obtain a modern definition.
(b)
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Answer to Problem 1RQ
Solution:
During ancient Greek times, an element referred to four elements of nature such as earth, water, air, and fire. According to the modern definition, an element is a substance that contains all similar atoms with the same
Explanation of Solution
According to classical thoughts, an element represented four elements of nature which are earth, water, air, and fire. However, according to modern scientists, an element is the simplest form of a substance and contains similar atoms.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Chemistry For Changing Times (14th Edition)
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- true or false Using the following equilibrium, if solid carbon is added the equilibrium will shift toward the products. C(s) + CO2(g) ⇔ 2CO(g)arrow_forwardProvide the complete mechanism for the reaction below. You must include appropriate arrows,intermediates, and formal charges. Please also provide a reason to explain why the 1,4-adduct is preferred over the 1,3-adduct.arrow_forwardWhich of the following pairs are resonance structures of one another? I. III. || III IV + II. :0: n P !༠ IV. EN: Narrow_forward
- Predict the major organic product(s) and byproducts (either organic or inorganic) for thefollowing reactions.arrow_forwardA 8.25 g sample of aluminum at 55°C released 2500 J of heat. The specific heat of aluminum is 0.900 J/g°C. The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/mL. Calculate the final temperature of the aluminum sample in °C.arrow_forwardPredict the major organic product(s) and byproducts (either organic or inorganic) for thefollowing reactions.arrow_forward
- Predict the major organic product(s) and byproducts (either organic or inorganic) for thefollowing reaction.arrow_forwardplease helparrow_forwardExperiment 1 Data Table 1: Conservation of Mass - Initial Mass Data Table 1 Data Table 2 Data Table 3 Data Table 4 Panel 1 Photo 1 Data Table 5 Reaction Mass of test tube and 5.0% HC₂H₂O2 (g) # (A) (B) Mass of NaHCO, (g) Mass of balloon and NaHCO, (g) (C) 0.10 1 0829 14.38g 0.20 2 0.929 14.29g 0.35 1.00g 3 14.25g 0.50 1.14g 14.29 Experiment 1 Data Table 2: Moles of HC2H3O2 Reaction Volume of Mass of Moles of HC₂H₂O₂ 5.0% Vinegar (g) (ML) 5.0 0.25 0042 mol 2 5.0 0.25 0042 mol 3 5.0 0.25 0042 mol 5.0 0.25 0042 mol Experiment 1 Data Table 3: Moles of NaHCO3 Reaction Mass of NaHCO (g) 10g 20g 35g 50g Experiment 1 Data Table 4: Theoretical Yield of CO₂ Reaction # 1 2 3 Experiment 1 Total mass before reaction (g) (D=A+C) 15.29 15.21g 15.25g 15.349 Exercise 1 Data Table 1 Data Table 2 Data Table 3 Data Table 4 Panel 1 Photo 1 Data Table 5 Exercise 1- Data Table 1 Data Table 2 DataTable 3 Data Table 4 Panel 1 Photo 1 Data Table 5 Exercise 1- Moles of NaHCO 0012 mol 0025 mol 0044 mol 0062 mol…arrow_forward
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