Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter
Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781118516461
Author: Neil D. Jespersen, Alison Hyslop
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 2, Problem 1PE

How many atoms of each element are expressed by the following formulas? (Hint: Pay special attention to counting elements within parentheses.)

(a) SF 6

(b) (C 2 H 5 ) 2 N 2 H 2

(c) Ca 3 ( P O 4 ) 2

(d) Co(NO 3 ) 2 •6H 2 O

Expert Solution & Answer
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Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Number of atoms of each element in given formula is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Atoms are composed of tiny particles and these tiny particles are known as protons, electrons, and neutrons.

The substances which are unable to be degraded into simpler substances are known as atoms.

Elements are made up of one type of atoms. Elements join together to make molecules.

Atoms of different elements join together to form compound. All compounds are molecules but all molecules are not compounds.

Answer to Problem 1PE

Solution:

(a) 1 S, 6F

(b) 4 C, 12 H, 2 N

(c) 3 Ca, 2 P, 8 O

(d) 1 Co, 2 N, 12 O, 12 H

Explanation of Solution

a) SF6

The formula-SF6 consists of two elements S and F. In compound SF6, there is one atom of element S, and six atoms of element F are present. Therefore, the formula SF6 represents:

1 S          6F

Hence, number of atoms in each element in SF6 are 1 S, 6F.

b) (C2H5)2N2H2

The formula (C2H5)2N2H2 consists of three elements C, H, and N. In (C2H5)2N2H2, each C2H5 consists of two C and five H atoms so, two units of C2H5 consist of four C and ten H atoms. In the N2H2 unit, there are two additional H atoms and two N atoms. Therefore, the formula (C2H5)2N2H2 represents:

4 C      12 H         2 N.

Hence, number of atoms in each element in (C2H5)2N2H2 are 4 C, 12 H, 2 N.

c) Ca3(PO4)2

The formula Ca3(PO4)2 consists of three elements Ca, P and O. In Ca3(PO4)2, each PO4 consists of one P atom and four O atoms so, two PO4 units consist of two P atoms and eight O atoms. The molecule also consists of three Ca atoms. Therefore, the formula Ca3(PO4)2 represents:

3 Ca      2 P         8 O

Hence, number of atoms in each element in Ca3(PO4)2 are 3 Ca, 2 P, 8 O.

d) Co(NO3)2.6H2O

Co(NO3)2.6H2O is the formula used for a hydrate which is indicated by the raised dot. For every Co(NO3)2.6H2O, there are six water molecules which consist of twelve H and six O atoms. The molecule also consists of one Co. In (NO3)2 there are two NO3 units, each unit contains one N and three O atoms, so, both units contain total two N and six O atoms. Thus, the formula Co(NO3)2.6H2O represents:

1 Co    2 N    12 O    12 H

Hence, number of atoms in each element in Co(NO3)2.6H2O are 1 Co, 2 N, 12 O, 12 H.

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Chapter 2 Solutions

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter

Ch. 2 - Prob. 11PECh. 2 - Practice Exercise 2.12 Write the formula for the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 13PECh. 2 - Prob. 14PECh. 2 - Prob. 15PECh. 2 - Prob. 16PECh. 2 - Prob. 17PECh. 2 - Write the formulas for (a) potassium chlorate, (b)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 19PECh. 2 - Prob. 20PECh. 2 - Practice Exercise 2.21 Name the following...Ch. 2 - Practice Exercise 2.22 Write formulas for the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 23PECh. 2 - Prob. 24PECh. 2 - 2.1 In the compounds formed by with chlorine, how...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2RQCh. 2 - Prob. 3RQCh. 2 - 2.4 In the refining of copper, sizable amounts of...Ch. 2 - 2.5 Why would you reasonably expect cadmium to be...Ch. 2 - 2.6 Using the symbol for nitrogen, 147N02,...Ch. 2 - Make a rough sketch of the periodic table and mark...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8RQCh. 2 - Prob. 9RQCh. 2 - Prob. 10RQCh. 2 - Which nonmetals occur as monatomic gases (i.e.,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 12RQCh. 2 - Which physical property of metalloids...Ch. 2 - Sketch the shape of the periodic table and mark...Ch. 2 - Most periodic tables have a heavy line that looks...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16RQCh. 2 - Prob. 17RQCh. 2 - Prob. 18RQCh. 2 - 2.19 What are two ways to interpret a chemical...Ch. 2 - Prob. 20RQCh. 2 - Prob. 21RQCh. 2 - 2.22 Atoms of which elements are usually...Ch. 2 - 2.23 Atoms of which elements are usually...Ch. 2 - A DNA molecule is small in actual size but...Ch. 2 - What do we mean when we say a chemical equation is...Ch. 2 - 2.26 For a chemical reaction, what do we mean by...Ch. 2 - 2.27 The combustion of a thin wire of magnesium...Ch. 2 - Describe what kind of event must occur (involving...Ch. 2 - With what kind of elements do metals react?Ch. 2 - What is an ion? How does it differ from an atom or...Ch. 2 - 2.31 Why do we use the term formula unit for ionic...Ch. 2 - Prob. 32RQCh. 2 - Prob. 33RQCh. 2 - 2.34 How many electrons has a titanium atom lost...Ch. 2 - 2.35 If an atom gains an electron to become an...Ch. 2 - 2.36 How many electrons has a nitrogen atom gained...Ch. 2 - Prob. 37RQCh. 2 - Prob. 38RQCh. 2 - Prob. 39RQCh. 2 - Prob. 40RQCh. 2 - 2.41 What are the formulas (including charges) for...Ch. 2 - Prob. 42RQCh. 2 - Prob. 43RQCh. 2 - 2.44 Write the correct formulas for the compounds...Ch. 2 - 2.45 Write the unbalanced equations for the...Ch. 2 - 2.46 Write the unbalanced equations for the...Ch. 2 - 2.47 With what kind of elements do nonmetals...Ch. 2 - Which are the only elements that exist as free,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 49RQCh. 2 - 2.50 Which kind of elements normally combine to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 51RQCh. 2 - Prob. 52RQCh. 2 - 2.53 Without referring to Table 2.6 but using the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 54RQCh. 2 - 2.55 Astatine, a member of the halogen family,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 56RQCh. 2 - Write the chemical formulas for (a) methane, (b)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 58RQCh. 2 - Prob. 59RQCh. 2 - Prob. 60RQCh. 2 - Prob. 61RQCh. 2 - What is the difference between a binary compound...Ch. 2 - Prob. 64RQCh. 2 - Prob. 65RQCh. 2 - Prob. 66RQCh. 2 - 2.67 The compound is used in the tanning of...Ch. 2 - Asbestos, a known cancer-causing agent, has a...Ch. 2 - 2.69 Epsom salts is a hydrate of magnesium...Ch. 2 - Prob. 70RQCh. 2 - Prob. 71RQCh. 2 - Prob. 72RQCh. 2 - Write the chemical formula for the molecule...Ch. 2 - Write the chemical formula for the molecule...Ch. 2 - Prob. 75RQCh. 2 - Prob. 76RQCh. 2 - 2.77 How many atoms of each element are...Ch. 2 - 2.78 How many atoms of each kind are represented...Ch. 2 - 2.79 How many atoms of each kind are represented...Ch. 2 - 2.80 How many atoms of each kind are represented...Ch. 2 - Prob. 81RQCh. 2 - How many atoms of each element are represented in...Ch. 2 - 2.83 Consider the balanced equation (a) How many...Ch. 2 - 2.84 Consider the balanced equation for the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 85RQCh. 2 - Prob. 86RQCh. 2 - Is the following chemical equation for the...Ch. 2 - 2.88 Is the following chemical equation balanced?...Ch. 2 - 2.89 Use the periodic table, but not Table 2.2, to...Ch. 2 - 2.90 Use the periodic table, but not Table 2.2, to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 91RQCh. 2 - Prob. 92RQCh. 2 - Prob. 93RQCh. 2 - Prob. 94RQCh. 2 - Prob. 95RQCh. 2 - Prob. 96RQCh. 2 - Prob. 97RQCh. 2 - Prob. 98RQCh. 2 - Prob. 99RQCh. 2 - Prob. 100RQCh. 2 - Prob. 101RQCh. 2 - Name the following molecular compounds:...Ch. 2 - Prob. 103RQCh. 2 - Prob. 104RQCh. 2 - Prob. 105RQCh. 2 - Prob. 106RQCh. 2 - Prob. 107RQCh. 2 - Identify each of the following as molecular or...Ch. 2 - Prob. 109RQCh. 2 - Prob. 110RQCh. 2 - Prob. 111RQCh. 2 - Prob. 112RQCh. 2 - 2.113 Which of the following formulas are...Ch. 2 - Which of the following formulas are incorrect?...Ch. 2 - Prob. 115RQCh. 2 - Prob. 116RQCh. 2 - The compounds Se2S6andSe2S4 have been shown to be...Ch. 2 - Prob. 118RQCh. 2 - The following are models of molecules of two...Ch. 2 - A student obtained a sample from an experiment...Ch. 2 - 2.121 Suppose you wanted, to separate the sample...Ch. 2 - 2.122 The elements in Group 1A and Group 7A of the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 123RQCh. 2 - Prob. 124RQCh. 2 - 2.125 Write the balanced chemical equation for the...Ch. 2 - 2.126 Write the balanced gas phase chemical...Ch. 2 - Bromine is a diatomic molecule, and it has two...Ch. 2 - Prob. 128RQCh. 2 - Prob. 129RQCh. 2 - Prob. 130RQCh. 2 - Prob. 131RQCh. 2 - Explore the internet and find a reliable source of...Ch. 2 - Spreadsheet applications such as Microsoft Excel...
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