Chapter 2, Problem 1E

In the following drawing, the green spheres represent atoms of a certain element. The purple spheres represent atoms of another element. If the spheres of different elements touch, they are part of a single unit of a compound. The following chemical change represented by these spheres may violate one of the ideas of Dalton’s atomic theory. Which one?

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The violation of Dalton’s law is to be interpreted when the green sphere reacted with the blue sphere.

Concept Introduction:

Dalton’s atomic theory states that atoms are rearranged to perform a chemical reaction or which indicates compounds are composed ofthe number of atoms reacted in the reaction in a definite manner or defined ratio.

Postulate of Dalton’s atomic theory are:

1. Equivalent number of atoms combines to produce an equivalent number of product.
2. Atoms that belong to the same element have the same chemical properties.
3. Atoms neither be created nor destroyed.
4. Atoms combine in a fixed and definite ratio to produce products.
5. The atom is the smallest unit that takes part in the reaction.

Answer to Problem 1E

Violation of 1^st law Dalton’s atomic theory is taking place.

Explanation of Solution

According to 1^st law of Dalton’s theory, the same amount of reactant reacted to produce equalamount of product.

Initially, only one green atom is present as a reactant that gets converted to a product containing 2 green atoms. Thus, 1^st law of Dalton’s atomic theory is violated.