
Concept explainers
Explain all answers clearly, using complete sentences and proper essay structure if needed. An asterisk (*) designates a quantitative problem, for which you should show all your work.
Cause of the Seasons. Suppose a friend is trying to claim that it is summer when Earth is closest to the Sun and winter when Earth is farthest away. Refute this claim in at least two different ways: (1) with an argument that invokes seasonal differences between the Northern and Southern Hemisphere and (2) with an argument based on the times of year at which Earth actually is closest to and farthest from the Sun. Write out your arguments clearly.

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