Chapter 2, Problem 126GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compound the name should be identified and it should be determined that whether it is ionic or not.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of metal and nonmetals or metal and polyatomic ions.

Molecular compounds are formed by the combination of nonmetal and nonmetal or metalloid and nonmetal.

• Naming of molecular binary compounds (two element compounds),

The binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals are named as hydrogen followed by nonmetals name in ‘ide’ form (add ‘ide’ into stem of the name).

The binary compounds formed by combination of group 4A-7A elements are named as putting the first name as early group elements and last name as late group element in ‘ide’ form (generally according to electronegativity). The more than one number of an element is named by adding prefix as “di-, tr-, tetra-, penta- and so on.

• Naming of ions:

  Positive ions (cations) are named as metal name, example: aluminum for aluminum cation.

  But, for the transition metals the ionic charge also included by roman numerals with the naming of compound.

  Negative ions (anions) are named by adding ‘ide’ to the stem of the nonmetal element, from which the anion is formed, example: chloride, bromide, etc.

Answer to Problem 126GQ

Chlorine trifluoride

Explanation of Solution

In $Cl{F}_3$ compound, both elements are nonmetals, so it is a molecular compound. Electronegativity of fluorine is more than chlorine.

Hence,

The compound is named as Chlorine trifluoride.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compound the name should be identified and it should be determined that whether it is ionic or not.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of metal and nonmetals or metal and polyatomic ions.

Molecular compounds are formed by the combination of nonmetal and nonmetal or metalloid and nonmetal.

• Naming of molecular binary compounds (two element compounds),

The binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals are named as hydrogen followed by nonmetals name in ‘ide’ form (add ‘ide’ into stem of the name).

The binary compounds formed by combination of group 4A-7A elements are named as putting the first name as early group elements and last name as late group element in ‘ide’ form (generally according to electronegativity). The more than one number of an element is named by adding prefix as “di-, tr-, tetra-, penta- and so on.

• Naming of ions:

  Positive ions (cations) are named as metal name, example: aluminum for aluminum cation.

  But, for the transition metals the ionic charge also included by roman numerals with the naming of compound.

  Negative ions (anions) are named by adding ‘ide’ to the stem of the nonmetal element, from which the anion is formed, example: chloride, bromide, etc.

Answer to Problem 126GQ

Nitrogen trichloride

Explanation of Solution

In $NC{l}_3$ compound, both elements are nonmetlas, so it is a molecular compound. N is 5A group element and Cl is 7A group element, so nitrogen is named as nitrogen and the 3 Cl are named as trichloride.

Hence, $NC{l}_3$ is named as Nitrogen trichloride.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compound the name should be identified and it should be determined that whether it is ionic or not.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of metal and nonmetals or metal and polyatomic ions.

Molecular compounds are formed by the combination of nonmetal and nonmetal or metalloid and nonmetal.

• Naming of molecular binary compounds (two element compounds),

The binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals are named as hydrogen followed by nonmetals name in ‘ide’ form (add ‘ide’ into stem of the name).

The binary compounds formed by combination of group 4A-7A elements are named as putting the first name as early group elements and last name as late group element in ‘ide’ form (generally according to electronegativity). The more than one number of an element is named by adding prefix as “di-, tr-, tetra-, penta- and so on.

• Naming of ions:

  Positive ions (cations) are named as metal name, example: aluminum for aluminum cation.

  But, for the transition metals the ionic charge also included by roman numerals with the naming of compound.

  Negative ions (anions) are named by adding ‘ide’ to the stem of the nonmetal element, from which the anion is formed, example: chloride, bromide, etc.

Answer to Problem 126GQ

Strontium sulfate, an ionic compound

Explanation of Solution

$SrS{O}_4$ compound is metal-poly atomic ion combination, so it is a ionic compound. Strontium is cation and sulfate is the anion.

Hence,

The compound is named as Strontium sulfate.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compound the name should be identified and it should be determined that whether it is ionic or not.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of metal and nonmetals or metal and polyatomic ions.

Molecular compounds are formed by the combination of nonmetal and nonmetal or metalloid and nonmetal.

• Naming of molecular binary compounds (two element compounds),

The binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals are named as hydrogen followed by nonmetals name in ‘ide’ form (add ‘ide’ into stem of the name).

The binary compounds formed by combination of group 4A-7A elements are named as putting the first name as early group elements and last name as late group element in ‘ide’ form (generally according to electronegativity). The more than one number of an element is named by adding prefix as “di-, tr-, tetra-, penta- and so on.

• Naming of ions:

  Positive ions (cations) are named as metal name, example: aluminum for aluminum cation.

  But, for the transition metals the ionic charge also included by roman numerals with the naming of compound.

  Negative ions (anions) are named by adding ‘ide’ to the stem of the nonmetal element, from which the anion is formed, example: chloride, bromide, etc.

Answer to Problem 126GQ

Calcium nitrate, an ionic compound

Explanation of Solution

$Ca{(N{O}_3)}_2$ compound is a metal-poly atomic ion combination, so it is a ionic compound. Calcium is the cation and nitrate is the anion.

Hence,

The compound is named as Calcium nitrate.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compound the name should be identified and it should be determined that whether it is ionic or not.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of metal and nonmetals or metal and polyatomic ions.

Molecular compounds are formed by the combination of nonmetal and nonmetal or metalloid and nonmetal.

• Naming of molecular binary compounds (two element compounds),

The binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals are named as hydrogen followed by nonmetals name in ‘ide’ form (add ‘ide’ into stem of the name).

The binary compounds formed by combination of group 4A-7A elements are named as putting the first name as early group elements and last name as late group element in ‘ide’ form (generally according to electronegativity). The more than one number of an element is named by adding prefix as “di-, tr-, tetra-, penta- and so on.

• Naming of ions:

  Positive ions (cations) are named as metal name, example: aluminum for aluminum cation.

  But, for the transition metals the ionic charge also included by roman numerals with the naming of compound.

  Negative ions (anions) are named by adding ‘ide’ to the stem of the nonmetal element, from which the anion is formed, example: chloride, bromide, etc.

Answer to Problem 126GQ

Xenon tetrafluoride

Explanation of Solution

In $Xe{F}_4$ compound, both elements are nonmetlas, so it is a molecular compound.

Hence,

The compound is named as Xenon tetrafluoride.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compound the name should be identified and it should be determined that whether it is ionic or not.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of metal and nonmetals or metal and polyatomic ions.

Molecular compounds are formed by the combination of nonmetal and nonmetal or metalloid and nonmetal.

• Naming of molecular binary compounds (two element compounds),

The binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals are named as hydrogen followed by nonmetals name in ‘ide’ form (add ‘ide’ into stem of the name).

The binary compounds formed by combination of group 4A-7A elements are named as putting the first name as early group elements and last name as late group element in ‘ide’ form (generally according to electronegativity). The more than one number of an element is named by adding prefix as “di-, tr-, tetra-, penta- and so on.

• Naming of ions:

  Positive ions (cations) are named as metal name, example: aluminum for aluminum cation.

  But, for the transition metals the ionic charge also included by roman numerals with the naming of compound.

  Negative ions (anions) are named by adding ‘ide’ to the stem of the nonmetal element, from which the anion is formed, example: chloride, bromide, etc.

Answer to Problem 126GQ

Oxygen difluoride

Explanation of Solution

In $O{F}_2$ compound, both elements are nonmetals, so it is a molecular compound. O is 6A group element and F is 7A group element, so oxygen is named as oxygen and the 2 F are named as fluoride.

Hence,

The compound is named as oxygen difluoride.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compound the name should be identified and it should be determined that whether it is ionic or not.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of metal and nonmetals or metal and polyatomic ions.

Molecular compounds are formed by the combination of nonmetal and nonmetal or metalloid and nonmetal.

• Naming of molecular binary compounds (two element compounds),

The binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals are named as hydrogen followed by nonmetals name in ‘ide’ form (add ‘ide’ into stem of the name).

The binary compounds formed by combination of group 4A-7A elements are named as putting the first name as early group elements and last name as late group element in ‘ide’ form (generally according to electronegativity). The more than one number of an element is named by adding prefix as “di-, tr-, tetra-, penta- and so on.

• Naming of ions:

  Positive ions (cations) are named as metal name, example: aluminum for aluminum cation.

  But, for the transition metals the ionic charge also included by roman numerals with the naming of compound.

  Negative ions (anions) are named by adding ‘ide’ to the stem of the nonmetal element, from which the anion is formed, example: chloride, bromide, etc.

Answer to Problem 126GQ

Potassium iodide, an ionic compound

Explanation of Solution

$KI$ compound is a metal-nonmetal combination, so it is a ionic compound. Potassium is the cation and iodide is the anion.

Hence,

The compound is named as Potassium iodide.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compound the name should be identified and it should be determined that whether it is ionic or not.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of metal and nonmetals or metal and polyatomic ions.

Molecular compounds are formed by the combination of nonmetal and nonmetal or metalloid and nonmetal.

• Naming of molecular binary compounds (two element compounds),

The binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals are named as hydrogen followed by nonmetals name in ‘ide’ form (add ‘ide’ into stem of the name).

The binary compounds formed by combination of group 4A-7A elements are named as putting the first name as early group elements and last name as late group element in ‘ide’ form (generally according to electronegativity). The more than one number of an element is named by adding prefix as “di-, tr-, tetra-, penta- and so on.

• Naming of ions:

  Positive ions (cations) are named as metal name, example: aluminum for aluminum cation.

  But, for the transition metals the ionic charge also included by roman numerals with the naming of compound.

  Negative ions (anions) are named by adding ‘ide’ to the stem of the nonmetal element, from which the anion is formed, example: chloride, bromide, etc.

Answer to Problem 126GQ

Aluminum sulfide, an ionic compound

Explanation of Solution

$A{l}_2{S}_3$ compound is a metal-nonmetal combination, so it is a ionic compound. Aluminum is the cation and sulfide is the anion.

Hence,

The compound is named as Aluminum sulfide.

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compound the name should be identified and it should be determined that whether it is ionic or not.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of metal and nonmetals or metal and polyatomic ions.

Molecular compounds are formed by the combination of nonmetal and nonmetal or metalloid and nonmetal.

• Naming of molecular binary compounds (two element compounds),

The binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals are named as hydrogen followed by nonmetals name in ‘ide’ form (add ‘ide’ into stem of the name).

The binary compounds formed by combination of group 4A-7A elements are named as putting the first name as early group elements and last name as late group element in ‘ide’ form (generally according to electronegativity). The more than one number of an element is named by adding prefix as “di-, tr-, tetra-, penta- and so on.

• Naming of ions:

  Positive ions (cations) are named as metal name, example: aluminum for aluminum cation.

  But, for the transition metals the ionic charge also included by roman numerals with the naming of compound.

  Negative ions (anions) are named by adding ‘ide’ to the stem of the nonmetal element, from which the anion is formed, example: chloride, bromide, etc.

Answer to Problem 126GQ

Potassium trichloride

Explanation of Solution

In $PC{l}_3$ compound, both elements are nonmetlas, so it is a molecular compound. Pis 5A group element and Cl is 7A group element, so phosphorus is named as phosphorus and the 3 Cl are named as trichloride.

Hence, $NC{l}_3$ is named as phosphorus trichloride.

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compound the name should be identified and it should be determined that whether it is ionic or not.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of metal and nonmetals or metal and polyatomic ions.

Molecular compounds are formed by the combination of nonmetal and nonmetal or metalloid and nonmetal.

• Naming of molecular binary compounds (two element compounds),

The binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals are named as hydrogen followed by nonmetals name in ‘ide’ form (add ‘ide’ into stem of the name).

The binary compounds formed by combination of group 4A-7A elements are named as putting the first name as early group elements and last name as late group element in ‘ide’ form (generally according to electronegativity). The more than one number of an element is named by adding prefix as “di-, tr-, tetra-, penta- and so on.

• Naming of ions:

  Positive ions (cations) are named as metal name, example: aluminum for aluminum cation.

  But, for the transition metals the ionic charge also included by roman numerals with the naming of compound.

  Negative ions (anions) are named by adding ‘ide’ to the stem of the nonmetal element, from which the anion is formed, example: chloride, bromide, etc.

Answer to Problem 126GQ

Potassium phosphate, an ionic compound.

Explanation of Solution

$K_{3}P{O}_4$ Compound is metal-poly atomic ion combination, so it is a ionic compound. Potassium is cation and phosphate is the anion.

Hence,

The compound is named as Potassium phosphate.