a) Interpretation: The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided. Concept introduction: Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones . The steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis. To identify: The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Question

3. Name this ether correctly. H₁C H3C CH3 CH3 4. Show the best way to make the ether in #3 by a Williamson Ether Synthesis. Start from an alcohol or phenol. 5. Draw the structure of an example of a sulfide.

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. The steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The product formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

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3. Name this ether correctly. H₁C H3C CH3 CH3 4. Show the best way to make the ether in #3 by a Williamson Ether Synthesis. Start from an alcohol or phenol. 5. Draw the structure of an example of a sulfide.

1. Which one(s) of these can be oxidized with CrO3 ? (could be more than one) a) triphenylmethanol b) 2-pentanol c) Ethyl alcohol d) CH3 2. Write in all the product(s) of this reaction. Label them as "major" or "minor". 2-methyl-2-hexanol H2SO4, heat

3) Determine if the pairs are constitutional isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, or mesocompounds. (4 points)

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. The steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The product formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. The steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The product formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. The steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The product formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 5

Chapter 19.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. The steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The product formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Answer 6

Chapter 19.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. The steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Answer 7

Chapter 19.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. The steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The product formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Acetal reacts with excess of water in the presence of acids to yield aldehydes and ketones. the steps involved are protonation, nucleophilic substitution, proton transfer, another nucleophilic substitution and heterolysis.

To identify:

The product formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Answer 14

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Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 19.1 - Draw structures corresponding to the following...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 19.2 - How would you carry out the following reactions?...Ch. 19.4 - Treatment of an aldehyde or ketone with cyanide...Ch. 19.4 - p-Nitrobenzaldehyde is more reactive toward...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 7P Ch. 19.5 - The oxygen in water is primarily (99.8) 16O, but...Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 9P Ch. 19.8 - Show the products you would obtain by...

Chapter 19 Solutions