Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 19, Problem 8TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: There are three modes of transfer of genetic material that takes place in the bacteria. The experiments conducted by researchers Lederberg and Tatum showed the presence of transforming principle between the bacterial members.
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The process by which one bacterial cell transfers DNA to another is:
a.
fission
b.
gametic fusion
c.
conjugation
d.
lysis
e.
fusion
The primary advantage of conjugation is that ita. is the first step in the formation of a biofilm.b. allows prokaryotes to inject toxins into host cells.c. shuffles genes—including some that enhance survival—among cells.d. provides a mechanism by which bacteria avoid being infected withviruses.
e. coli is commonly found in the human Microbiome. while most strains are harmless some can cause various illnesses ranging from urinary track infections to severe gastroenteritis. which of the following is a primary mechanism by which e. coli obtains its pathogenicity?
A. Vertical gene transfer from parent to offspring
B. Endosymbiosis with other bacteria
C. Mutation in the bacterial chromosome
D. Horizontal gene transfer from other Bacteria or the environment
Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1CSCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1CSCh. 19.2 - Viral Reproductive Cycles Concept Check: From the...Ch. 19.4 - Genetic Properties of Bacteria Core Skill:...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 19.4 - Genetic Properties of Bacteria Concept Check:...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 19.5 - Prob. 1EQCh. 19.5 - Prob. 2EQ
Ch. 19.5 - Gene Transfer Between Bacteria CoreSKILL The gene...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.5 - Gene Transfer Between Bacteria Core Skill:...Ch. 19.5 - Gene Transfer Between Bacteria Concept Check: Is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1TYCh. 19 - The characteristics of viral genomes show many...Ch. 19 - During viral infection, attachment is usually...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4TYCh. 19 - Prob. 5TYCh. 19 - Prob. 6TYCh. 19 - Prob. 7TYCh. 19 - Prob. 8TYCh. 19 - Prob. 9TYCh. 19 - Prob. 10TYCh. 19 - How are viruses similar to living cells, and how...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2CQCh. 19 - Prob. 3CQCh. 19 - Prob. 1COQCh. 19 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Horizontal gene transfer is a process in which genetic material from an organism is a. transferred from cell to cell. b. transferred to its offspring. c. transferred to another organism that is not the offspring of the first organism. d. released into the environment.arrow_forwardThe information that enables the organism to survive and is transferred from parent to offspring is found in a. DNA. b. the cell membrane. c. a spiral ladder. d. proteins.arrow_forwardBacteria can acquire DNA directly from the environment through: please explain the answer a.Conjugation b.Transduction c.Natural transformation d.All of the abovearrow_forward
- Which of the following is an example of horizontal gene transfer? a. the transmission of an eye color gene from father to daughter b. the transmission of a mutant gene causing cystic fibrosis from father to daughter c. the transmission of a gene conferring pathogenicity (the ability to cause disease) from one bacterial species to another d. the transmission of a gene conferring antibiotic resistance from a mother cell to its two daughter cells e. all of the abovearrow_forwardWhat happens when T2 phages are grown with radioactive phosphorus? a. Their DNA becomes radioactive. b. Their proteins become radioactive. c. Their DNA is found to be medium density in a centrifuge tube. d. They are no longer able to transform bacterial cells. e. They transfer their radioactivity to E. coli chromosomes during infection. ...Explain your answer.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. chaperone-mediated autophagy b. microautophagy c. macroautophagy d. autophagosome e. isolation membranearrow_forward
- Particles that transfer genetic material from one species to another, especially in marine prokaryotes: a. horizontal gene transfer b. lateral gene transfer c. genome fusion device d. gene transfer agentsarrow_forwardPhage conversion in which viruses add genes to a bacterial cell can be considered to be a form of a. standard inheritance. b. horizontal gene transfer. c. vertical gene transfer. d. parasitism.arrow_forwardMitochondria are thought to be the descendants of certain alpha proteobacteria. They are, however, no longer able to lead independent lives because most genes originally present in their genome have moved to the nuclear genome. Which phenomenon accounts for the movement of these genes? Group of answer choices A. recombination B. conjugation C. translation D. endosymbiosisarrow_forward
- How do scientists induce prokaryotes to produce human proteins?a. They insert human genes into bacterial genomes.b. They cross bacterial strains until the proteins arise at random.c. They inject bacteria into human muscles.d. All of the above are correct.arrow_forward3) Which statement explains a way in which a researcher could cause a cytoplasmic protein to localize to the nucleus? a. Fuse an NLS to the cytoplasmic protein. b. Fuse an NES to the cytoplasmic protein. c. Fuse an NPC to the cytoplasmic protein. d. Create a nucleoporin specific to the cytoplasmic protein. 4) During the import of proteins into the nucleus, an importin subunit binds directly to: a. FG nucleoporins b. Ran-GDP c. basic nuclear localization signals in cargo proteins d. none of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements correctly describes a process by which bacteria become resistant to antibiotics? A. bacteria reproduce slowly, allowing mutation to become widespread in a population. B. some bacteria produce exotoxins that breakdown antibiotics, rendering them nonfunctional C. conjugation spreads antibiotic resistance genes rapidly in a population D. antibiotics cause mutation in bacteria, making them resistant.arrow_forward
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