Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134202709
Author: Richard Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 7FTD
A hydroelectric power plant, using the energy of falling water, can operate with efficiency arbitrarily close to 100%. Why?
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Required information
In a standard tensile test, a steel rod of 1 3 -in. diameter is subjected to a tension force of P = 21 kips. It is given that v=
0.30 and E= 29 × 106 psi.
1-in. diameter
P
P
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Determine the change in diameter of the rod. (Round the final answer to six decimal places.)
The change in diameter of the rod is -
in.
5.84 ... If the coefficient of static friction between a table and a uni-
form, massive rope is μs, what fraction of the rope can hang over the
edge of the table without the rope sliding?
5.97 Block A, with weight Figure P5.97
3w, slides down an inclined plane
S of slope angle 36.9° at a constant
speed while plank B, with weight
w, rests on top of A. The plank
is attached by a cord to the wall
(Fig. P5.97). (a) Draw a diagram
of all the forces acting on block
A. (b) If the coefficient of kinetic
friction is the same between A and
B and between S and A, determine
its value.
B
36.9°
Chapter 19 Solutions
Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
Ch. 19.1 - Which of these processes is irreversible? (a)...Ch. 19.2 - The low temperature for a practical heat engine is...Ch. 19.3 - A clever engineer decides to increase the...Ch. 19.4 - In each of the following processes, does the...Ch. 19 - Could you cool the kitchen by leaving the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2FTDCh. 19 - Should a car get better mileage in the summer or...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4FTDCh. 19 - Name some irreversible processes that occur in a...Ch. 19 - Your power company claims that electric heat is...
Ch. 19 - A hydroelectric power plant, using the energy of...Ch. 19 - A heat-pump manufacturer claims the device will...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9FTDCh. 19 - The heat Q added during adiabatic free expansion...Ch. 19 - Energy is conserved, so why cant we recycle it as...Ch. 19 - Why doesnt the evolution of human civilization...Ch. 19 - What are the efficiencies of reversible heat...Ch. 19 - A cosmic heat engine might operate between the...Ch. 19 - A reversible Carnot engine operating between...Ch. 19 - A Carnot engine absorbs 900 J of heat each cycle...Ch. 19 - Find the COP of a reversible refrigerator...Ch. 19 - Prob. 18ECh. 19 - The human body can be 25% efficient at converting...Ch. 19 - Calculate the entropy change associated with...Ch. 19 - You metabolize a 650-kcal burger at your 37C body...Ch. 19 - You heat 250 g of water from 10C to 95C. By how...Ch. 19 - Melting a block of lead already at its melting...Ch. 19 - How much energy becomes unavailable for work in an...Ch. 19 - Prob. 25ECh. 19 - A Carnot engine extracts 745 J from a 592-K...Ch. 19 - The maximum steam temperature in a nuclear power...Ch. 19 - Youre engineering an energy-efficient house that...Ch. 19 - A power plants electrical output is 750 MW....Ch. 19 - A power plant extracts energy from steam at 280C...Ch. 19 - The electric power output of all the thermal...Ch. 19 - Consider a Carnot engine operating between...Ch. 19 - An industrial freezer operates between 0C and 32C,...Ch. 19 - Use appropriate energy-flow diagrams to analyze...Ch. 19 - Prob. 35PCh. 19 - A refrigerator maintains an interior temperature...Ch. 19 - You operate a store thats heated by an oil furnace...Ch. 19 - Use energy-flow diagrams to show that the...Ch. 19 - A heat pump extracts energy from groundwater at...Ch. 19 - A reversible engine contains 0.350 mol of ideal...Ch. 19 - (a) Determine the efficiency for the cycle shown...Ch. 19 - A 0.20-mol sample of an ideal gas goes through the...Ch. 19 - A shallow pond contains 94 Mg of water. In winter,...Ch. 19 - Estimate the rate of entropy increase associated...Ch. 19 - The temperature of n moles of ideal gas is changed...Ch. 19 - The temperature of n moles of ideal gas is changed...Ch. 19 - A 6.36-mol sample of ideal diatomic gas is at 1.00...Ch. 19 - A 250-g sample of water at 80C is mixed with 250 g...Ch. 19 - An ideal gas undergoes a process that takes it...Ch. 19 - In an adiabatic free expansion, 6.36 mol of ideal...Ch. 19 - Find the entropy change when a 2.4-kg aluminum pan...Ch. 19 - An engine with mechanical power output 8.5 kW...Ch. 19 - Find the change in entropy as 2.00 kg of H2O at...Ch. 19 - Gasoline engines operate approximately on the Otto...Ch. 19 - The compression ratio r of an engine is the ratio...Ch. 19 - In a diesel cycle, gas at volume V1 and pressure...Ch. 19 - (a) Show that the heal flowing into the diesel...Ch. 19 - Youre considering buying a car that comes in...Ch. 19 - The 54-M W wood-fired McNeil Generating Station in...Ch. 19 - A 500-g copper block at 80C is dropped into 1.0 kg...Ch. 19 - An objects heat capacity is inversely proportional...Ch. 19 - A Carnot engine extracts heat from a block of mass...Ch. 19 - In an alternative universe, youve got the...Ch. 19 - Youre the environmental protection officer for a...Ch. 19 - Find an expression for the entropy gain when hot...Ch. 19 - Problem 74 of Chapter 16 provided an approximate...Ch. 19 - The molar specific heat at constant pressure for a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 68PCh. 19 - Energy-efficiency specialists measure the heat Qh...Ch. 19 - Refrigerators remain among the greatest consumers...Ch. 19 - The refrigerators COP is a. 13. b. 2. c. 3. d. 4.Ch. 19 - The fuel energy consumed at the power plant to run...Ch. 19 - Prob. 73PP
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- 5.60 An adventurous archaeologist crosses between two rock cliffs by slowly going hand over hand along a rope stretched between the cliffs. He stops to rest at the middle of the rope (Fig. P5.60). The rope will break if the tension in it exceeds 2.50 X 104 N, and our hero's mass is 90.0 kg. (a) If the angle is 10.0°, what is the tension in the rope? (b) What is the smallest value can have if the rope is not to break? Figure P5.60arrow_forwardplease answer the question thanks!arrow_forward5.48 ⚫ A flat (unbanked) curve on a highway has a radius of 170.0 m. A car rounds the curve at a speed of 25.0 m/s. (a) What is the minimum coefficient of static friction that will prevent sliding? (b) Suppose that the highway is icy and the coefficient of static friction between the tires and pavement is only one-third of what you found in part (a). What should be the maximum speed of the car so that it can round the curve safely?arrow_forward
- 5.77 A block with mass m₁ is placed on an inclined plane with slope angle a and is connected to a hanging block with mass m₂ by a cord passing over a small, frictionless pulley (Fig. P5.74). The coef- ficient of static friction is μs, and the coefficient of kinetic friction is Mk. (a) Find the value of m₂ for which the block of mass m₁ moves up the plane at constant speed once it is set in motion. (b) Find the value of m2 for which the block of mass m₁ moves down the plane at constant speed once it is set in motion. (c) For what range of values of m₂ will the blocks remain at rest if they are released from rest?arrow_forward5.78 .. DATA BIO The Flying Leap of a Flea. High-speed motion pictures (3500 frames/second) of a jumping 210 μg flea yielded the data to plot the flea's acceleration as a function of time, as shown in Fig. P5.78. (See "The Flying Leap of the Flea," by M. Rothschild et al., Scientific American, November 1973.) This flea was about 2 mm long and jumped at a nearly vertical takeoff angle. Using the graph, (a) find the initial net external force on the flea. How does it compare to the flea's weight? (b) Find the maximum net external force on this jump- ing flea. When does this maximum force occur? (c) Use the graph to find the flea's maximum speed. Figure P5.78 150 a/g 100 50 1.0 1.5 0.5 Time (ms)arrow_forward5.4 ⚫ BIO Injuries to the Spinal Column. In the treatment of spine injuries, it is often necessary to provide tension along the spi- nal column to stretch the backbone. One device for doing this is the Stryker frame (Fig. E5.4a, next page). A weight W is attached to the patient (sometimes around a neck collar, Fig. E5.4b), and fric- tion between the person's body and the bed prevents sliding. (a) If the coefficient of static friction between a 78.5 kg patient's body and the bed is 0.75, what is the maximum traction force along the spi- nal column that W can provide without causing the patient to slide? (b) Under the conditions of maximum traction, what is the tension in each cable attached to the neck collar? Figure E5.4 (a) (b) W 65° 65°arrow_forward
- The correct answers are a) 367 hours, b) 7.42*10^9 Bq, c) 1.10*10^10 Bq, and d) 7.42*10^9 Bq. Yes I am positve they are correct. Please dont make any math errors to force it to fit. Please dont act like other solutiosn where you vaugley state soemthing and then go thus, *correct answer*. I really want to learn how to properly solve this please.arrow_forwardI. How many significant figures are in the following: 1. 493 = 3 2. .0005 = | 3. 1,000,101 4. 5.00 5. 2.1 × 106 6. 1,000 7. 52.098 8. 0.00008550 9. 21 10.1nx=8.817arrow_forwardplease solve and answer the question correctly please. Thank you!! (Hint in second photo)arrow_forward
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