PHYSICS FOR SCI.AND ENGR W/WEBASSIGN
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337888462
Author: SERWAY
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 19, Problem 5P
You are working in your kitchen preparing lunch for your family. You have decided to make egg salad sandwiches and are boiling six eggs, each of mass 55.5 g, in 0.750 L of water at 100°C. You wish to take all the eggs out of the boiling water and immediately place them in 23.0°C water to cool them down to a comfortable temperature to hold them and peel them. You decide that you wish the mixture of the water and the eggs to reach an equilibrium temperature of 40.0°C. Explaining this to a family member, she challenges you to determine exactly how much water at 23.0°C you need to achieve your desired equilibrium temperature. Take the average specific heat of an egg over the expected temperature range to be 3.27 × 103 J/kg · °C.
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i)
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Question 04
in 20
Question B3
Consider the following FLRW spacetime:
t2
ds² = -dt² +
(dx²
+ dy²+ dz²),
t2
where t is a constant.
a)
State whether this universe is spatially open, closed or flat.
[2 marks]
b) Determine the Hubble factor H(t), and represent it in a (roughly drawn) plot as a function
of time t, starting at t = 0.
[3 marks]
c) Taking galaxy A to be located at (x, y, z) = (0,0,0), determine the proper distance to galaxy
B located at (x, y, z) = (L, 0, 0). Determine the recessional velocity of galaxy B with respect
to galaxy A.
d) The Friedmann equations are
2
k
8πG
а
4πG
+
a²
(p+3p).
3
a
3
[5 marks]
Use these equations to determine the energy density p(t) and the pressure p(t) for the
FLRW spacetime specified at the top of the page.
[5 marks]
e) Given the result of question B3.d, state whether the FLRW universe in question is (i)
radiation-dominated, (ii) matter-dominated, (iii) cosmological-constant-dominated, or (iv)
none of the previous. Justify your answer.
f)
[5 marks]
A conformally…
SECTION B
Answer ONLY TWO questions in Section B
[Expect to use one single-sided A4 page for each Section-B sub question.]
Question B1
Consider the line element
where w is a constant.
ds²=-dt²+e2wt dx²,
a) Determine the components of the metric and of the inverse metric.
[2 marks]
b) Determine the Christoffel symbols. [See the Appendix of this document.]
[10 marks]
c)
Write down the geodesic equations.
[5 marks]
d) Show that e2wt it is a constant of geodesic motion.
[4 marks]
e)
Solve the geodesic equations for null geodesics.
[4 marks]
Chapter 19 Solutions
PHYSICS FOR SCI.AND ENGR W/WEBASSIGN
Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 19.1QQCh. 19.3 - Suppose the same process of adding energy to the...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 19.3QQCh. 19.5 - Characterize the paths in Figure 19.12 as...Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 19.5QQCh. 19 - Prob. 1PCh. 19 - The highest waterfall in the world is the Salto...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3PCh. 19 - The temperature of a silver bar rises by 10.0C...Ch. 19 - You are working in your kitchen preparing lunch...
Ch. 19 - If water with a mass mk at temperature Tk is...Ch. 19 - An aluminum calorimeter with a mass of 100 g...Ch. 19 - An electric drill with a steel drill bit of mass m...Ch. 19 - A 3.00-g copper coin at 25.0C drops 50.0 m to the...Ch. 19 - How much energy is required to change a 40.0-g ice...Ch. 19 - Prob. 11PCh. 19 - A 3.00-g lead bullet at 30.0C is fired at a speed...Ch. 19 - In an insulated vessel, 250 g of ice at 0C is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 14PCh. 19 - One mole of an ideal gas is warmed slowly so that...Ch. 19 - (a) Determine the work done on a gas that expands...Ch. 19 - A thermodynamic system undergoes a process in...Ch. 19 - Why is the following situation impossible? An...Ch. 19 - A 2.00-mol sample of helium gas initially at 300...Ch. 19 - (a) How much work is done on the steam when 1.00...Ch. 19 - A 1.00-kg block of aluminum is warmed at...Ch. 19 - In Figure P19.22, the change in internal energy of...Ch. 19 - A student is trying to decide what to wear. His...Ch. 19 - A concrete slab is 12.0 cm thick and has an area...Ch. 19 - Two lightbulbs have cylindrical filaments much...Ch. 19 - Prob. 26PCh. 19 - (a) Calculate the R-value of a thermal window made...Ch. 19 - Prob. 28PCh. 19 - Gas in a container is at a pressure of 1.50 atm...Ch. 19 - Prob. 30APCh. 19 - You have a particular interest in automobile...Ch. 19 - You are working in a condensed-matter laboratory...Ch. 19 - Prob. 33APCh. 19 - Prob. 34APCh. 19 - Prob. 35APCh. 19 - Prob. 36APCh. 19 - An ice-cube tray is filled with 75.0 g of water....Ch. 19 - Prob. 38APCh. 19 - An iron plate is held against an iron wheel so...Ch. 19 - One mole of an ideal gas is contained in a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 41APCh. 19 - Prob. 42APCh. 19 - Prob. 43APCh. 19 - A student measures the following data in a...Ch. 19 - (a) The inside of a hollow cylinder is maintained...Ch. 19 - A spherical shell has inner radius 3.00 cm and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 47CP
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