Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399920
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 3P
Look at Figure 19-3. The lag time is the difference between when the P waves arrived and when the S waves arrived. Using the earthquake data shown in the figure, what is the lag time? Form a general conclusion about the relationship between lag times and locations of earthquakes.
Figure 19-3 A seismograph in northern Canada made this record of seismic waves from an earth-quake in Mexico. The first vibrations, P waves, arrived 11 minutes after the quake, but the slower S waves took 20 minutes to make the journey.
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Tutorial
An earthquake occurs 7,375 km from a seismograph.
The P-waves arrive 12.2 minutes later. How fast is the
P-wave traveling (in km/s)?
If the lag time between P- and S-waves is 10.6 minutes,
how fast are the S-waves traveling (in km/s)?
Using the shadow of S-waves you determine that the
radius of the core is 55% of the Earth's 6,378-km radius.
How many kilometers from the surface is this (in km)?
Part 1 of 3
To calculate how fast the P-waves are traveling, we
need to divide the distance the waves travel by the
time.
d
Vp =
Make sure you are dividing by the time in seconds. s
Vp =
Make sure you are dividing by the time in seconds. km/s
You are on an oceanographic research expedition that began in San Juan, Puerto Rico on September 14.
The ship left port at 0630 hr on 14 September and covered a distance of 1608 km to the first drill location (Site 1) where you are going retrieve a drill core of seafloor sediments. The ship arrived at the first drill site at 1800 hr on 16 September.
Calculate the rate of travel (i.e., speed) of the ship during its transit to the first drill site.
For a reflection seismic survey, where the subsurface has an average P-wave velocity of 1000m/s and we use a 10ms seismic wavelet, the best resolution we could obtain is?a. 1 mb. 2.5 mc. 5md. 10 m
Chapter 19 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 19 - Why would you include the Moon in a comparison of...Ch. 19 - Compare and contrast the compositions of the...Ch. 19 - Which is the most geologically active Terrestrial...Ch. 19 - In what ways is Earth unique among the Terrestrial...Ch. 19 - Which Terrestrial worlds have thin or no...Ch. 19 - Describe the four stages of Terrestrial planet...Ch. 19 - The Moon did not pass through all of the four...Ch. 19 - Earth shows few craters on its surface. What is...Ch. 19 - How do you know that Earth is differentiated?Ch. 19 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 19 - What keeps Earths interior warm today?Ch. 19 - Lava flows today are examples of basin flooding....Ch. 19 - Describe three forms of erosion that cause slow...Ch. 19 - Which type of seismic wave cannot pass through...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15RQCh. 19 - Which of the five Terrestrial worlds have bow...Ch. 19 - How is the root cause of earthquakes in Hawaii...Ch. 19 - What characteristics must Earths core have to...Ch. 19 - Which of the five Terrestrial worlds have plate...Ch. 19 - Prob. 20RQCh. 19 - How do island chains located in the centers of...Ch. 19 - What evidence can you give that the Atlantic Ocean...Ch. 19 - How are the inferred properties of Earths original...Ch. 19 - Prob. 24RQCh. 19 - Prob. 25RQCh. 19 - Life on Earth exists because of oxygen in Earths...Ch. 19 - Prob. 27RQCh. 19 - Prob. 28RQCh. 19 - Prob. 29RQCh. 19 - Prob. 30RQCh. 19 - Prob. 31RQCh. 19 - Prob. 32RQCh. 19 - Why would a decrease in the density of the ozone...Ch. 19 - How Do We Know? How can the flow of energy out of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 35RQCh. 19 - Look at Figure 19-3. The earthquake occurred 7440...Ch. 19 - Look at Figure 19-3. The lag time is the...Ch. 19 - What percentage of Earths volume is the metallic...Ch. 19 - How many magnetic pole reversals has Earth endured...Ch. 19 - If the Atlantic seafloor is spreading at 3.0...Ch. 19 - The Hawaiian-Emperor chain of undersea volcanoes...Ch. 19 - From Hawaii to the bend in the Hawaiian-Emperor...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9PCh. 19 - Prob. 1SOPCh. 19 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 19 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 19 - Look at the hemispheres of Earth shown on the two...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 19 - Look at Figure 19-9. Rising from Earths surface to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5LTLCh. 19 - What do you see in this photo that suggests heat...
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