A detailed mechanism for the reaction between compound designated as “ 2 ” and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of ethoxide ion to form the given product is to be written. Concept introduction: Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair. Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair. Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons that makes it highly chemically reactive. Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction. Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction. Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules. Carbonyl condensation usually involves reaction of two carbonyl groups to join both of the reactants. Claisen condensation is a C − C bond formation, which is used in the synthesis of β -keto esters. An intermolecular Claisen condensation is called a Dieckmann condensation. This type of condensation reaction is useful in the preparation of five or six membered rings.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 1LGP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A detailed mechanism for the reaction between compound designated as “2” and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of ethoxide ion to form the given product is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons that makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Carbonyl condensation usually involves reaction of two carbonyl groups to join both of the reactants. Claisen condensation is a C−C bond formation, which is used in the synthesis of β-keto esters.

An intermolecular Claisen condensation is called a Dieckmann condensation. This type of condensation reaction is useful in the preparation of five or six membered rings.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 1LGP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A detailed mechanism for the reaction between compound designated as “2” and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of ethoxide ion to form the given product is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons that makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Carbonyl condensation usually involves reaction of two carbonyl groups to join both of the reactants. Claisen condensation is a C−C bond formation, which is used in the synthesis of β-keto esters.

An intermolecular Claisen condensation is called a Dieckmann condensation. This type of condensation reaction is useful in the preparation of five or six membered rings.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 1LGP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A detailed mechanism for the reaction between compound designated as “2” and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of ethoxide ion to form the given product is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons that makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Carbonyl condensation usually involves reaction of two carbonyl groups to join both of the reactants. Claisen condensation is a C−C bond formation, which is used in the synthesis of β-keto esters.

An intermolecular Claisen condensation is called a Dieckmann condensation. This type of condensation reaction is useful in the preparation of five or six membered rings.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 1LGP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A detailed mechanism for the reaction between compound designated as “2” and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of ethoxide ion to form the given product is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons that makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Carbonyl condensation usually involves reaction of two carbonyl groups to join both of the reactants. Claisen condensation is a C−C bond formation, which is used in the synthesis of β-keto esters.

An intermolecular Claisen condensation is called a Dieckmann condensation. This type of condensation reaction is useful in the preparation of five or six membered rings.

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Answer 5

Chapter 19, Problem 1LGP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A detailed mechanism for the reaction between compound designated as “2” and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of ethoxide ion to form the given product is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons that makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Carbonyl condensation usually involves reaction of two carbonyl groups to join both of the reactants. Claisen condensation is a C−C bond formation, which is used in the synthesis of β-keto esters.

An intermolecular Claisen condensation is called a Dieckmann condensation. This type of condensation reaction is useful in the preparation of five or six membered rings.

Answer 6

Chapter 19, Problem 1LGP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A detailed mechanism for the reaction between compound designated as “2” and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of ethoxide ion to form the given product is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons that makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Carbonyl condensation usually involves reaction of two carbonyl groups to join both of the reactants. Claisen condensation is a C−C bond formation, which is used in the synthesis of β-keto esters.

An intermolecular Claisen condensation is called a Dieckmann condensation. This type of condensation reaction is useful in the preparation of five or six membered rings.

Answer 7

Chapter 19, Problem 1LGP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A detailed mechanism for the reaction between compound designated as “2” and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of ethoxide ion to form the given product is to be written.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons that makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Carbonyl condensation usually involves reaction of two carbonyl groups to join both of the reactants. Claisen condensation is a C−C bond formation, which is used in the synthesis of β-keto esters.

An intermolecular Claisen condensation is called a Dieckmann condensation. This type of condensation reaction is useful in the preparation of five or six membered rings.

Answer 8

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Answer 10

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Answer 11

Ch. 19 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 19.1 (a) Write a mechanism. for...Ch. 19 - Practice Problem 19.2 Since the products obtained...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3PP Ch. 19 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 19.4 Write mechanisms that...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5PP Ch. 19 - Prob. 6PP Ch. 19 - Practice Problem 19.7 The acid-catalyzed aldol...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8PP Ch. 19 - Practice Problem 19.9 (a) Provide a mechanism for...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10PP

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