
Anatomy & Physiology
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259398629
Author: McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher: Mcgraw Hill Education,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 19, Problem 1CSL
Summary Introduction
To explain:
Both the normal flow of blood through the heart and the flow with the foramen ovale still open. Give a description of the concept of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Introduction:
A foramen ovale is an opening in septum secundum, that is a partition between the left and right atrium. The blood flows from the right atrium towards the left atrium because this opening is unidirectional in the embryo. The closing of this foramen occurs when the baby is born, generally, lungs are firstly filled with air, parting only the fossa ovalis (a rounded divot). Fossa ovalis is an oval-shaped depression within interatrial septum, which only remains of the embryonic aperture or opening.
Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Normal dive (for diving humans)
normal
breathing
dive
normal
breathing
Oz level
CO2 level
urgent need
to breathe
Oz blackout zone
high CO2 triggers breathing
6. This diagram shows rates of oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation in the blood in
relation to the levels needed to maintain consciousness and trigger the urgent need to breathe in
diving humans.
How might the location and slope of the O₂ line differ for diving marine mammals such as
whales and dolphins?
•
How might the location and slope of the CO₂ line differ for diving marine mammals such as
whales and dolphins?
•
•
Draw in predicted lines for O2 and CO2, based on your reasoning above.
How might the location of the Urgent Need to Breathe line and the O2 Blackout Zone line
differ for diving marine mammals?
What physiological mechanisms account for each of these differences, resulting in the ability
of marine mammals to stay submerged for long periods of time?
foraging/diet type
teeth
tongue
stomach
intestines
cecum
Insectivory
numerous, spiky, incisors procumbentExample: moleExample: shrew
--
simple
short
mostly lacking
Myrmecophagy
absent or reduced in numbers, peg-likeExample: tamandua anteater
extremely long
simple, often roughened
short
small or lacking
Terrestrial carnivory
sharp incisors; long, conical canines; often carnassial cheek teeth; may have crushing molarsExample: dog
--
simple
short
small
Aquatic carnivory
homodont, spiky, numerousExample: common dolphin
--
simple or multichambered (cetaceans only)
variable
small or absent
Sanguinivory
very sharp upper incisors; reduced cheek teethExample: vampire bat
grooved
tubular, highly extensible
long
small or lacking
Herbivory (except nectivores)
incisors robust or absent; canines reduced or absent; diastema; cheek teeth enlarged with complex occlusal surfacesExample: beaver
--
simple (hindgut fermenters) or multichambered (ruminants)
long
large
Filter feeding
none…
3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species
(A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your
answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the
diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences?
Species A
3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3
པར『ན་
cm 30
Species B
4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4
cm 10
Species C
0/4, 0/0,3/3, 3/3
020
Chapter 19 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 19.1 - WHAT DID YOU LEARN?
1 Define perfusion. Why would...Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 19.1 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
3. Describe the general...Ch. 19.1 - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
1 What vessels attached to the...Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 2WDLCh. 19.1 - Prob. 3WDLCh. 19.1 - Prob. 4WDLCh. 19.1 - Prob. 5WDLCh. 19.1 - Prob. 4LO
Ch. 19.1 - What path does blood follow through the heart?...Ch. 19.1 - Which of the great vessels is both an artery and...Ch. 19.2 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
5. Describe the location and...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 8WDLCh. 19.2 - Prob. 9WDLCh. 19.2 - Prob. 6LOCh. 19.2 - Prob. 7LOCh. 19.2 - Describe the three layers that cover the heart....Ch. 19.3 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
8. Compare the superficial...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 11WDLCh. 19.3 - Prob. 12WDLCh. 19.3 - Prob. 13WDLCh. 19.3 - Prob. 9LOCh. 19.3 - What are the layers of the heart (in order) that a...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 19.3 - What is the structure that separates the two...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 16WDLCh. 19.3 - Prob. 11LOCh. 19.3 - What are the functions of the tendinous cords and...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 12LOCh. 19.3 - Which function of the fibrous skeleton allows the...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 13LOCh. 19.3 - Prob. 14LOCh. 19.3 - Prob. 15LOCh. 19.3 - Which features of cardiac muscle support aerobic...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 16LOCh. 19.4 - Prob. 17LOCh. 19.4 - Prob. 18LOCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2WDTCh. 19.4 - What areas of the heart are deprived of blood when...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 19LOCh. 19.4 - Prob. 21WDLCh. 19.5 - Prob. 20LOCh. 19.5 - Prob. 22WDLCh. 19.5 - Prob. 21LOCh. 19.5 - Which autonomic division is associated with the...Ch. 19.6 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
22. Describe a nodal cell at...Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 24WDLCh. 19.6 - Prob. 23LOCh. 19.6 - Prob. 24LOCh. 19.6 - Prob. 3WDTCh. 19.6 - What is autorhythmicity? Describe how nodal cells...Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 25LOCh. 19.6 - What is the path of an action potential through...Ch. 19.6 - What anatomic features slow the conduction rate of...Ch. 19.7 - Prob. 26LOCh. 19.7 - In which direction does Ca2+ move in response to...Ch. 19.7 - Prob. 27LOCh. 19.7 - Prob. 28LOCh. 19.7 - Prob. 4WDTCh. 19.7 - What three electrical events occur at the...Ch. 19.7 - Prob. 29LOCh. 19.7 - Prob. 30LOCh. 19.7 - What is the significance of the extended...Ch. 19.7 - Prob. 31LOCh. 19.7 - What events in the heart are indicated by each of...Ch. 19.8 - Prob. 32LOCh. 19.8 - Prob. 33LOCh. 19.8 - Pressure changes that occur during the cardiac...Ch. 19.8 - Prob. 34LOCh. 19.8 - Prob. 35LOCh. 19.8 - What is occurring during ventricular ejection?Ch. 19.8 - Prob. 34WDLCh. 19.8 - Define end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume,...Ch. 19.9 - Prob. 36LOCh. 19.9 - Prob. 37LOCh. 19.9 - What are the two factors that determine cardiac...Ch. 19.9 - What is the cardiac output at rest and during...Ch. 19.9 - Prob. 38LOCh. 19.9 - Prob. 39LOCh. 19.9 - Prob. 38WDLCh. 19.9 - Describe the atrial reflex, which involves...Ch. 19.9 - Prob. 40LOCh. 19.9 - Prob. 41LOCh. 19.9 - Prob. 40WDLCh. 19.9 - Prob. 42LOCh. 19.9 - Prob. 41WDLCh. 19.10 - Prob. 43LOCh. 19.10 - Prob. 44LOCh. 19.10 - Prob. 42WDLCh. 19 - Which of the following is the correct circulatory...Ch. 19 - The pericardial cavity is located between the a....Ch. 19 - How is blood prevented from backflowing from the...Ch. 19 - ____ 4. Venous blood draining from the heart wall...Ch. 19 - _____ 5. Calcium channels in the nodal cells...Ch. 19 - ____6. Action potentials are spread rapidly...Ch. 19 - Why is it necessary to stimulate papillary muscles...Ch. 19 - ____ 8. Preload is a measure of a. stretch of...Ch. 19 - ____ 9. All of the following occur when the...Ch. 19 - ____10. What occurs during the atrial reflex? a....Ch. 19 - Prob. 11DYBCh. 19 - Compare the structure, location, and function of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13DYBCh. 19 - Explain why the walls of the atria are thinner...Ch. 19 - Describe the structure and function of...Ch. 19 - Explain the general location and function of...Ch. 19 - Describe the functional differences in the effects...Ch. 19 - Prob. 18DYBCh. 19 - List the five events of the cardiac cycle, and...Ch. 19 - Define cardiac output, and explain how it is...Ch. 19 - A young man was doing some vigorous exercise when...Ch. 19 - A young man was doing some vigorous exercise when...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3CALCh. 19 - Prob. 4CALCh. 19 - During surgery, the right vagus nerve was...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1CSLCh. 19 - Prob. 2CSLCh. 19 - Your grandfather was told that his SA node...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species (A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences? Species A 3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3 cm 30 Species B 0/4, 0/0, 3/3, 3/3 cm 10 Species C 4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4 E 0 cm 20 AILarrow_forwardNormal dive (for diving humans) normal breathing dive normal breathing Oz level CO₂ level urgent need to breathe Oz blackout zone high CO₂ triggers breathing 6. This diagram shows rates of oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation in the blood in relation to the levels needed to maintain consciousness and trigger the urgent need to breathe in diving humans. • How might the location and slope of the O2 line differ for diving marine mammals such as whales and dolphins? • How might the location and slope of the CO2 line differ for diving marine mammals such as whales and dolphins? • • Draw in predicted lines for O2 and CO2, based on your reasoning above. How might the location of the Urgent Need to Breathe line and the O2 Blackout Zone line differ for diving marine mammals? What physiological mechanisms account for each of these differences, resulting in the ability of marine mammals to stay submerged for long periods of time?arrow_forwardHow much ATP will be produced during the following metabolic scenario: Aerobic respiration of a 5mM lipid solution that is made up of one glycerol and an 8-carbon fatty acid and 12-carbon fatty acid. Recall that when glycerol breaks down to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate it costs one ATP but your get an extra FADH2. Every two carbons of a fatty acid break down to one acetyl-CoA. Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in mM of ATP.arrow_forward
- If a bacterium using aerobic respiration was to degrade one small protein molecule into 8 molecules of pyruvic acid, how many ATP would that cell make? Assume there is no other carbon source. Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in molecules of ATP.arrow_forwardIf a bacterium using aerobic respiration was to degrade a 30 mM solution of citric acid, how many ATP would that cell make? Assume no other carbon source is available. Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in mM of ATP.arrow_forwardHow much ATP will be produced during the following metabolic scenario: Aerobic respiration of a 5mM lipid solution that is made up of one glycerol and an 8-carbon fatty acid and 12-carbon fatty acid. Recall that when glycerol breaks down to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate it costs one ATP but your get an extra FADH2. Every two carbons of a fatty acid break down to one acetyl-CoA. (pathways will be provided on the exam) Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in mM of ATP.arrow_forward
- When beta-lactamase was isolated from Staphylcoccus aureus and treated with a phosphorylating agent, only the active site, serine was phosphorylated. Additionally, the serine was found to constitute 0.35% (by weight) of this beta-lactamase enzyme. Using this, calculate the molecular weight of this enzyme and estimate the number of amino acids present in the polypeptide.arrow_forwardBased on your results from the Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) media, which of your bacteria were mannitol fermenters and which were not mannitol fermenters?arrow_forwardhelp tutor pleasearrow_forward
- Q8. A researcher wants to study the effectiveness of a pill intended to reduce stomach heartburn in pregnant women. The researcher chooses randomly 400 women to participate in this experiment for 9 months of their pregnancy period. They all need to have the same diet. The researcher designs two groups of 200 participants: One group take the real medication intended to reduce heartburn, while the other group take placebo medication. In this study what are: Independent variable: Dependent variable: Control variable: Experimental group: " Control group: If the participants do not know who is consuming the real pills and who is consuming the sugar pills. This study is It happens that 40% of the participants do not find the treatment helpful and drop out after 6 months. The researcher throws out the data from subjects that drop out. What type of bias is there in this study? If the company who makes the medication funds this research, what type of bias might exist in this research work?arrow_forwardHow do I determine the inhertiance pattern from the pedigree diagram?arrow_forwardits an open book assignemntarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Respiratory System; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v_j-LD2YEqg;License: Standard youtube license