Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260150544
Author: Bill W. Tillery
Publisher: McGraw Hill Education
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Chapter 19, Problem 1AC

The premise that the present is the key to understanding the past is called

  1. history.

  2. principle of uniformity.

  3. principles of geology.

  4. philosophy.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark
To determine

From the following options, the premise that the present is the key to understanding the past is known as:

  1. History

  2. Principle of uniformity

  3. Principles of geology

  4. Philosophy

Answer to Problem 1AC

Solution:

Option (b) is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

James Hutton introduced the idea of unchanging, catastrophically formed landscapes.

Explanation:

Reason for correct option:

This idea of Hutton led to the concept of uniform changes, i.e., current changes are consistent with changes that take place in the distant past. This frame of reference is called the principle of uniformity.

The principle of uniformity may be represented by a single statement, “the present is the key to the past”.

Hence, option (b) is correct.

Reasons for incorrect option:

History is the study of past. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.

There is no such phrase as principles of geology. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.

Philosophy is the study of meaning, existence and knowledge. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

Conclusion:

Principle of uniformity is codified by the phrase that the present is the key to understand the past.

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Chapter 19 Solutions

Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book

Ch. 19 - 11. The actual place where seismic waves originate...Ch. 19 - 12. The point on Earth's surface directly above...Ch. 19 - 13. An earthquake that occurs in the upper part of...Ch. 19 - 14. The majority of earthquakes (85 percent)...Ch. 19 - 15. The size of an earthquake is measured by a....Ch. 19 - 16. The energy of the vibrations or the magnitude...Ch. 19 - 17. Earthquakes are detected and measured by a. a...Ch. 19 - 18. Elevated parts of Earth’s crust that rise...Ch. 19 - 19. Which of the following is not a classification...Ch. 19 - 20. Mountains that rise sharply from surrounding...Ch. 19 - 21. A large amount of magma that has crystallized...Ch. 19 - 22. The most abundant extrusive rock is a....Ch. 19 - 23. The basic difference between the frame of...Ch. 19 - 24. The difference between elastic deformation and...Ch. 19 - 25. Whether a rock layer subjected to stress...Ch. 19 - 26. When subjected to stress, rocks buried at...Ch. 19 - 27. A sedimentary rock layer that has not been...Ch. 19 - 28. The difference between a joint and a fault is...Ch. 19 - 29. A fault where the footwall has moved upward...Ch. 19 - 30. Reverse faulting probably resulted from which...Ch. 19 - 31. Earthquakes that occur at the boundary between...Ch. 19 - 32. Each higher number of the Richter scale a....Ch. 19 - 33. The removal of “older” crust from the surface...Ch. 19 - 34. Hutton observed that rocks, rock structures,...Ch. 19 - 35. The principle of uniformity has a basic frame...Ch. 19 - 36. What is not considered a type of strain? a....Ch. 19 - 37. How a rock responds to stress and strain does...Ch. 19 - 38. Which rock is more likely to break under...Ch. 19 - 39. Rocks near or on the surface a. are not cooler...Ch. 19 - 40. Rocks recover their original shape after...Ch. 19 - 41. Which is not a type of fault? a. Normal b....Ch. 19 - 42. Where do most earthquakes occur? a. Along...Ch. 19 - 43. The name of the fault that is of concern to...Ch. 19 - 44. P-waves travel ____ S-waves. a. faster than b....Ch. 19 - Prob. 45ACCh. 19 - 46. An earthquake is a. the result of the sudden...Ch. 19 - 47. The Black Hills in South Dakota and the...Ch. 19 - 48. The Appalachian Mountains were formed when a....Ch. 19 - 49. Mountains that were formed as a result of...Ch. 19 - 50. The source of magma for the Mount St. Helens...Ch. 19 - 1. What is the principle of uniformity? What are...Ch. 19 - 2. Describe the responses of rock layers to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3QFTCh. 19 - 4. What does the presence of folded sedimentary...Ch. 19 - 5. Describe the conditions that would lead to...Ch. 19 - 6. How would plate tectonics explain the...Ch. 19 - 7. What is an earthquake? What produces an...Ch. 19 - 8. Where would the theory of plate tectonics...Ch. 19 - 9. Describe how the location of an earthquake is...Ch. 19 - 10. Briefly explain how and where folded mountains...Ch. 19 - 11. The magnitude of an earthquake is measured on...Ch. 19 - 12. Identify three areas of probable volcanic...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13QFTCh. 19 - 14. Describe any possible relationships between...Ch. 19 - 15. What is the source of magma that forms...Ch. 19 - 16. Describe how the nature of the lava produced...Ch. 19 - 17. What are mountains? Why do they tend to form...Ch. 19 - 1. Evaluate the statement “the present is the key...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2FFACh. 19 - 3. What are the significant similarities and...Ch. 19 - 4. Explain the combination of variables that...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1IICh. 19 - Prob. 2IICh. 19 - Prob. 3IICh. 19 - Prob. 4IICh. 19 - Prob. 5IICh. 19 - Prob. 1PEACh. 19 - Prob. 2PEACh. 19 - Prob. 3PEACh. 19 - Prob. 4PEACh. 19 - Prob. 5PEACh. 19 - Prob. 6PEACh. 19 - Prob. 7PEACh. 19 - Prob. 8PEACh. 19 - Prob. 9PEACh. 19 - Prob. 10PEACh. 19 - Prob. 11PEACh. 19 - How wide, in kilometers, is a shield volcano...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13PEACh. 19 - Prob. 14PEACh. 19 - Prob. 15PEACh. 19 - Prob. 16PEACh. 19 - 1. The rocks in a syncline have been folded into a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 3PEBCh. 19 - 4. The hanging wall of a fault has been displaced...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 6PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 7PEBCh. 19 - 8. Compare the ground motion (surface wave...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 11PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 12PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 13PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 14PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 15PEBCh. 19 - Prob. 16PEB
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