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Concept explainers
Balance each of the following unbalanced equations; then calculate the standard potential, E°, and decide whether each is product favored at equilibrium as written. (All reactions are carried out in acid solution.)
- (a) Sn2+(aq) + Ag(s) → Sn(s) + Ag+(aq)
- (b) Al(s) + Sn4+(aq) → Sn2+(aq) +Al3+(aq)
- (c) ClO3−(aq) + Ce3+(aq) → Cl2(g) + Ce4+(aq)
- (d) Cu(s) + NO3− (aq) → Cu2+(aq) + NO(g)
a)
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Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
Electrochemical cells:
In this type of cells, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
In all electrochemical cells, oxidation occurs at anode and reduction occurs at cathode.
An anode is indicated by negative sign and cathode is indicated by the positive sign.
Electrons flow in the external circuit from the anode to the cathode.
In the electrochemical cells two half cells are connected with salt bridge. It allows the cations and anions to move between the two half cells.
Under certain conditions a cell potential is measured it is called as standard potential
Standard potential
The
The
Answer to Problem 19PS
The value is negative, therefore it is not product favoured.
Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is as follows.
Balance the each half reaction:
Find the overall reaction.
Let’s write the half reactions:
Let’s calculate the
The value is negative, therefore it is not product favoured.
b)
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Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
Electrochemical cells:
In this type of cells, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
In all electrochemical cells, oxidation occurs at anode and reduction occurs at cathode.
An anode is indicated by negative sign and cathode is indicated by the positive sign.
Electrons flow in the external circuit from the anode to the cathode.
In the electrochemical cells two half cells are connected with salt bridge. It allows the cations and anions to move between the two half cells.
Under certain conditions a cell potential is measured it is called as standard potential
Standard potential
The
The
Answer to Problem 19PS
The value is positive, therefore it is a product favoured.
Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is as follows.
Balance the each half reaction:
Find the overall reaction.
Let’s write the half reactions:
Let’s calculate the
The value is positive, therefore it is a product favoured.
c)

Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
Electrochemical cells:
In this type of cells, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
In all electrochemical cells, oxidation occurs at anode and reduction occurs at cathode.
An anode is indicated by negative sign and cathode is indicated by the positive sign.
Electrons flow in the external circuit from the anode to the cathode.
In the electrochemical cells two half cells are connected with salt bridge. It allows the cations and anions to move between the two half cells.
Under certain conditions a cell potential is measured it is called as standard potential
Standard potential
The
The
Answer to Problem 19PS
The value is negative, therefore it is not a product favoured
Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is as follows.
Balance the each half reaction:
The second equation is multiply with 10 .we get equal number of electrons.
Find the overall reaction.
Let’s write the half reactions:
Let’s calculate the
The value is negative, therefore it is not a product favoured.
d)

Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
Electrochemical cells:
In this type of cells, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
In all electrochemical cells, oxidation occurs at anode and reduction occurs at cathode.
An anode is indicated by negative sign and cathode is indicated by the positive sign.
Electrons flow in the external circuit from the anode to the cathode.
In the electrochemical cells two half cells are connected with salt bridge. It allows the cations and anions to move between the two half cells.
Under certain conditions a cell potential is measured it is called as standard potential
Standard potential
The
The
Answer to Problem 19PS
The value is positive, therefore it is a product favoured.
Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is as follows.
Balance the each half reaction:
The first equation is multiplied with 3 and second equation is multiply with 2.we get equal number of electrons.
Find the overall reaction.
Let’s write the half reactions:
Let’s calculate the
The value is negative, therefore it is not product favoured.
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
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