Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The presence or absence of glycerol, sphingosine, phosphate, ester, carboxyl group, hydroxyl group and steroid nucleus in prostaglandin needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Glycerol is a simple polyol compound with three carbons and with three carbons and hydroxyl groups in each carbon.
Sphingosine is an 18-carbon
Phosphate is a phosphorous atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. One oxygen is bonded to phosphorous with a double bond and others are bonded with a single bond and bear a negative charge.
Ester group is a derivative of a
Carboxyl group formed when a carbon atom is bonded to an oxygen atom with a double bond and to a hydroxyl group.
Hydroxyl group is formed when an oxygen is bonded to a hydrogen.
Steroid nucleus is found in all steroids. It is made up of three cyclohexanes and one cyclopentane bonded together. Steroids vary by the
(b)
Interpretation:
Presence or absence of glycerol, sphingosine, phosphate, ester, carboxyl group, hydroxyl group and steroid nucleus in androgen needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Glycerol is a simple polyol compound with three carbons and with three carbons and hydroxyl groups in each carbon
Sphingosine is an 18-carbon diol with an amino group and a double bond
Phosphate is a phosphorous atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. One oxygen is bonded to phosphorous with a double bond and others are bonded with a single bond and bear a negative charge.
Ester group is a derivative of a carboxylic acid group. The hydrogen attached to oxygen in carboxylic acid is replace with an organic fragment in esters.
Carboxyl group formed when a carbon atom is bonded to an oxygen atom with a double bond and to a hydroxyl group.
Hydroxyl group is formed when an oxygen is bonded to a hydrogen.
Steroid nucleus is found in all steroids. It is made up of three cyclohexanes and one cyclopentane bonded together. Steroids vary by the functional groups attached to this core and oxidation states of the ring.
(c)
Interpretation:
Presence or absence of glycerol, sphingosine, phosphate, ester, carboxyl group, hydroxyl group and steroid nucleus in triacylglycerol needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Glycerol is a simple polyol compound with three carbons and with three carbons and hydroxyl groups in each carbon
Sphingosine is an 18-carbon diol with an amino group and a double bond
Phosphate is a phosphorous atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. One oxygen is bonded to phosphorous with a double bond and others are bonded with a single bond and bear a negative charge.
Ester group is a derivative of a carboxylic acid group. The hydrogen attached to oxygen in carboxylic acid is replace with an organic fragment in esters.
Carboxyl group formed when a carbon atom is bonded to an oxygen atom with a double bond and to a hydroxyl group.
Hydroxyl group is formed when an oxygen is bonded to a hydrogen.
Steroid nucleus is found in all steroids. It is made up of three cyclohexanes and one cyclopentane bonded together. Steroids vary by the functional groups attached to this core and oxidation states of the ring.
(d)
Interpretation:
Presence or absence of glycerol, sphingosine, phosphate, ester, carboxyl group, hydroxyl group and steroid nucleus in wax needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Glycerol is a simple polyol compound with three carbons and with three carbons and hydroxyl groups in each carbon
Sphingosine is an 18-carbon diol with an amino group and a double bond
Phosphate is a phosphorous atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. One oxygen is bonded to phosphorous with a double bond and others are bonded with a single bond and bear a negative charge.
Ester group is a derivative of a carboxylic acid group. The hydrogen attached to oxygen in carboxylic acid is replace with an organic fragment in esters.
Carboxyl group formed when a carbon atom is bonded to an oxygen atom with a double bond and to a hydroxyl group.
Hydroxyl group is formed when an oxygen is bonded to a hydrogen.
Steroid nucleus is found in all steroids. It is made up of three cyclohexanes and one cyclopentane bonded together. Steroids vary by the functional groups attached to this core and oxidation states of the ring.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Chapter 19 Solutions
ALEKS 360 ACCESS CARD F/GEN. ORG.CHEM
- For Raman spectroscopy/imaging, which statement is not true regarding its disadvantages? a) Limited spatial resolution. b) Short integration time. c) A one-dimensional technique. d) Weak signal, only 1 in 108 incident photons is Raman scattered. e) Fluorescence interference.arrow_forwardUsing a cell of known pathlength b = 1.25115 x 10-3 cm, a water absorption spectrum was measured. The band at 1645 cm-1, assigned to the O-H bending, showed an absorbance, A, of 1.40. a) Assuming that water density is 1.00 g/mL, calculate the water molar concentration c (hint: M= mole/L) b) Calculate the molar absorptivity, a, of the 1645 cm-1 band c) The transmitted light, I, can be written as I= Ioexp(-xb), where x is the absorption coefficient (sometimes designated as alpha), Io is the input light, and b is the cell pathlength. Prove that x= (ln10)*x*c. (Please provide a full derivation of the equation for x from the equation for I). d) Calculate x for the 1645 cm-1 bandarrow_forwardI need help with the follloaingarrow_forward
- For a CARS experiment on a Raman band 918 cm-1, if omega1= 1280 nm, calculate the omega2 in wavelength (nm) and the CARS output in wavelength (nm).arrow_forwardI need help with the following questionarrow_forwardFor CARS, which statement is not true regarding its advantages? a) Contrast signal based on vibrational characteristics, no need for fluorescent tagging. b) Stronger signals than spontaneous Raman. c) Suffers from fluorescence interference, because CARS signal is at high frequency. d) Faster, more efficient imaging for real-time analysis. e) Higher resolution than spontaneous Raman microscopy.arrow_forward
- Draw the major product of the Claisen condensation reaction between two molecules of this ester. Ignore inorganic byproducts. Incorrect, 5 attempts remaining 1. NaOCH3/CH3OH 2. Acidic workup Select to Draw O Incorrect, 5 attempts remaining The total number of carbons in the parent chain is incorrect. Review the reaction conditions including starting materials and/or intermediate structures and recount the number of carbon atoms in the parent chain of your structure. OKarrow_forwardUsing a cell of known pathlength b = 1.25115 x 10-3 cm, a water absorption spectrum was measured. The band at 1645 cm-1, assigned to the O-H bending, showed an absorbance, A, of 1.40. a) Assuming that water density is 1.00 g/mL, calculate the water molar concentration c (hint: M= mole/L) b) Calculate the molar absorptivity, a, of the 1645 cm-1 band c) The transmitted light, I, can be written as I= Ioexp(-xb), where x is the absorption coefficient (sometimes designated as alpha), Io is the input light, and b is the cell pathlength. Prove that x= (ln10)*x*c d) Calculate x for the 1645 cm-1 bandarrow_forwardConvert 1.38 eV into wavelength (nm) and wavenumber (cm-1) (c = 2.998 x 108 m/s; h = 6.626 x 10-34 J*s).arrow_forward
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Chemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning