The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown. Concept introduction: In the conversion of benzene to amide electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place. Further this reaction is followed by reduction with good reducing agent like lithium aluminium hydride. Such reduction forms aniline.

Question

Given a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound, state the (condensed) formula of the compound obtaineda) if I add hydroxylamine (NH2OH) to give an isooxazole.b) if I add thiosemicarbazide (NH2-CO-NH-NH2) to give an isothiazole.

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 19, Problem 19.42SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of benzene to amide electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place. Further this reaction is followed by reduction with good reducing agent like lithium aluminium hydride. Such reduction forms aniline.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of aryl sulfonyl chloride with aniline leads to the formation of corresponding sulphonamide. In this reaction hydrogen chloride molecule removes as a side product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic amine to acyclic alkenamine excess amount of methylating agent is used. The use of this methylating leads to the formation of quaternary ammonium salt. That salt on hydrolysis coverts to the corresponding acyclic alkenamine.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic ketone to cyclic amine, ketone is first reacted with alcohol, followed by reduction in the presence of Ni,Pd,Pt.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed. Here, beta hydrogen of nitrogen is abstracted by oxygen atom and gives alkene and hydroxyl amine as a major product. This elimination is like cis elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The conversion of carboxylic acid to acid chloride is completed by PCl5,SOCl2 so on. The further reaction of acid chloride with diethyl amine leads to the conversion of acid chloride into acid amide.

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Given a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound, state the (condensed) formula of the compound obtaineda) if I add hydroxylamine (NH2OH) to give an isooxazole.b) if I add thiosemicarbazide (NH2-CO-NH-NH2) to give an isothiazole.

Complete the following acid-base reactions and predict the direction of equilibrium for each. Justify your prediction by citing pK values for the acid and conjugate acid in each equilibrium. (a) (b) NHs (c) O₂N NH NH OH H₁PO₁

23.34 Show how to convert each starting material into isobutylamine in good yield. ཅ ནད ཀྱི (b) Br OEt (c) (d) (e) (f) H

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 19, Problem 19.42SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of benzene to amide electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place. Further this reaction is followed by reduction with good reducing agent like lithium aluminium hydride. Such reduction forms aniline.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of aryl sulfonyl chloride with aniline leads to the formation of corresponding sulphonamide. In this reaction hydrogen chloride molecule removes as a side product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic amine to acyclic alkenamine excess amount of methylating agent is used. The use of this methylating leads to the formation of quaternary ammonium salt. That salt on hydrolysis coverts to the corresponding acyclic alkenamine.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic ketone to cyclic amine, ketone is first reacted with alcohol, followed by reduction in the presence of Ni,Pd,Pt.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed. Here, beta hydrogen of nitrogen is abstracted by oxygen atom and gives alkene and hydroxyl amine as a major product. This elimination is like cis elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The conversion of carboxylic acid to acid chloride is completed by PCl5,SOCl2 so on. The further reaction of acid chloride with diethyl amine leads to the conversion of acid chloride into acid amide.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 19, Problem 19.42SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of benzene to amide electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place. Further this reaction is followed by reduction with good reducing agent like lithium aluminium hydride. Such reduction forms aniline.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of aryl sulfonyl chloride with aniline leads to the formation of corresponding sulphonamide. In this reaction hydrogen chloride molecule removes as a side product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic amine to acyclic alkenamine excess amount of methylating agent is used. The use of this methylating leads to the formation of quaternary ammonium salt. That salt on hydrolysis coverts to the corresponding acyclic alkenamine.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic ketone to cyclic amine, ketone is first reacted with alcohol, followed by reduction in the presence of Ni,Pd,Pt.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed. Here, beta hydrogen of nitrogen is abstracted by oxygen atom and gives alkene and hydroxyl amine as a major product. This elimination is like cis elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The conversion of carboxylic acid to acid chloride is completed by PCl5,SOCl2 so on. The further reaction of acid chloride with diethyl amine leads to the conversion of acid chloride into acid amide.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 19, Problem 19.42SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of benzene to amide electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place. Further this reaction is followed by reduction with good reducing agent like lithium aluminium hydride. Such reduction forms aniline.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of aryl sulfonyl chloride with aniline leads to the formation of corresponding sulphonamide. In this reaction hydrogen chloride molecule removes as a side product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic amine to acyclic alkenamine excess amount of methylating agent is used. The use of this methylating leads to the formation of quaternary ammonium salt. That salt on hydrolysis coverts to the corresponding acyclic alkenamine.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic ketone to cyclic amine, ketone is first reacted with alcohol, followed by reduction in the presence of Ni,Pd,Pt.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed. Here, beta hydrogen of nitrogen is abstracted by oxygen atom and gives alkene and hydroxyl amine as a major product. This elimination is like cis elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The conversion of carboxylic acid to acid chloride is completed by PCl5,SOCl2 so on. The further reaction of acid chloride with diethyl amine leads to the conversion of acid chloride into acid amide.

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Answer 5

Chapter 19, Problem 19.42SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of benzene to amide electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place. Further this reaction is followed by reduction with good reducing agent like lithium aluminium hydride. Such reduction forms aniline.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of aryl sulfonyl chloride with aniline leads to the formation of corresponding sulphonamide. In this reaction hydrogen chloride molecule removes as a side product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic amine to acyclic alkenamine excess amount of methylating agent is used. The use of this methylating leads to the formation of quaternary ammonium salt. That salt on hydrolysis coverts to the corresponding acyclic alkenamine.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic ketone to cyclic amine, ketone is first reacted with alcohol, followed by reduction in the presence of Ni,Pd,Pt.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed. Here, beta hydrogen of nitrogen is abstracted by oxygen atom and gives alkene and hydroxyl amine as a major product. This elimination is like cis elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The conversion of carboxylic acid to acid chloride is completed by PCl5,SOCl2 so on. The further reaction of acid chloride with diethyl amine leads to the conversion of acid chloride into acid amide.

Answer 6

Chapter 19, Problem 19.42SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of benzene to amide electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place. Further this reaction is followed by reduction with good reducing agent like lithium aluminium hydride. Such reduction forms aniline.

Answer 7

Chapter 19, Problem 19.42SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of benzene to amide electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place. Further this reaction is followed by reduction with good reducing agent like lithium aluminium hydride. Such reduction forms aniline.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of aryl sulfonyl chloride with aniline leads to the formation of corresponding sulphonamide. In this reaction hydrogen chloride molecule removes as a side product.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of aryl sulfonyl chloride with aniline leads to the formation of corresponding sulphonamide. In this reaction hydrogen chloride molecule removes as a side product.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic amine to acyclic alkenamine excess amount of methylating agent is used. The use of this methylating leads to the formation of quaternary ammonium salt. That salt on hydrolysis coverts to the corresponding acyclic alkenamine.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic amine to acyclic alkenamine excess amount of methylating agent is used. The use of this methylating leads to the formation of quaternary ammonium salt. That salt on hydrolysis coverts to the corresponding acyclic alkenamine.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic ketone to cyclic amine, ketone is first reacted with alcohol, followed by reduction in the presence of Ni,Pd,Pt.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic ketone to cyclic amine, ketone is first reacted with alcohol, followed by reduction in the presence of Ni,Pd,Pt.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed. Here, beta hydrogen of nitrogen is abstracted by oxygen atom and gives alkene and hydroxyl amine as a major product. This elimination is like cis elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed. Here, beta hydrogen of nitrogen is abstracted by oxygen atom and gives alkene and hydroxyl amine as a major product. This elimination is like cis elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

Answer 18

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The conversion of carboxylic acid to acid chloride is completed by PCl5,SOCl2 so on. The further reaction of acid chloride with diethyl amine leads to the conversion of acid chloride into acid amide.

Answer 19

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The conversion of carboxylic acid to acid chloride is completed by PCl5,SOCl2 so on. The further reaction of acid chloride with diethyl amine leads to the conversion of acid chloride into acid amide.

Answer 20

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Answer 25

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Answer 30

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Answer 31

Ch. 19.2A - Prob. 19.1P Ch. 19.2B - Prob. 19.2P Ch. 19.2B - Give correct names for the following amines:Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 19.4P Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 19.5P Ch. 19.6 - Rank each set of compounds in order of increasing...Ch. 19.8A - Prob. 19.7P Ch. 19.8C - Prob. 19.8P Ch. 19.8C - Prob. 19.9P Ch. 19.8D - a. Show how fragmentation occurs to give the base...

Solution Summary: The author illustrates the given synthesis by using the necessary reagents.

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of aryl sulfonyl chloride with aniline leads to the formation of corresponding sulphonamide. In this reaction hydrogen chloride molecule removes as a side product.

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic ketone to cyclic amine, ketone is first reacted with alcohol, followed by reduction in the presence of Ni,Pd,Pt.

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

Chapter 19 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author illustrates the given synthesis by using the necessary reagents.

Interpretation: The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown. Concept introduction: The reaction of aryl sulfonyl chloride with aniline leads to the formation of corresponding sulphonamide. In this reaction hydrogen chloride molecule removes as a side product.

Interpretation: The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown. Concept introduction: In the conversion of cyclic ketone to cyclic amine, ketone is first reacted with alcohol, followed by reduction in the presence of Ni,Pd,Pt.

Interpretation: The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown. Concept introduction: The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.

Chapter 19 Solutions

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of aryl sulfonyl chloride with aniline leads to the formation of corresponding sulphonamide. In this reaction hydrogen chloride molecule removes as a side product.

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

In the conversion of cyclic ketone to cyclic amine, ketone is first reacted with alcohol, followed by reduction in the presence of Ni,Pd,Pt.

Interpretation:

The given synthesis by using the necessary reagents is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of amines (tertiary amines) with hydrogen peroxide gives N-oxide. This elimination is called cope-elimination because here cyclic transition state is formed.