Starting Out with C++: Early Objects
Starting Out with C++: Early Objects
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780133360929
Author: Tony Gaddis, Judy Walters, Godfrey Muganda
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
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Chapter 19, Problem 18RQE
Program Plan Intro

Binary tree:

  • It is a tree data structure which comes under hierarchical data structure.
  • It is made of nodes that have a left child, right child and a data element.

Tree traversal:

  • There are 3 common methods
    • Inorder traversal
    • Preorder traversal
    • Postorder traversal
  • In inorder traversal, the left subtree is encountered first, then data node and then the right subtree.
  • In preorder traversal, the data node is encountered first, then left subtree and then the right subtree.
  • In postorder traversal, the left subtree is encountered first, then right subtree and then the data node.

Algorithm for Preorder traversal:

  • Visit and print the root node.
  • Now traverse through the leftmost subtree and then print the element.
  • Traverse the rightmost subtree and then print the element.

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I need help to solve a simple problem using Grover’s algorithm, where the solution is not necessarily known beforehand. The problem is a 2×2 binary sudoku with two rules: • No column may contain the same value twice. • No row may contain the same value twice.   Each square in the sudoku is assigned to a variable as follows:   We want to design a quantum circuit that outputs a valid solution to this sudoku. While using Grover’s algorithm for this task is not necessarily practical, the goal is to demonstrate how classical decision problems can be converted into oracles for Grover’s algorithm.   Turning the Problem into a Circuit   To solve this, an oracle needs to be created that helps identify valid solutions. The first step is to construct a classical function within a quantum circuit that checks whether a given state satisfies the sudoku rules.   Since we need to check both columns and rows, there are four conditions to verify: v0 ≠ v1   # Check top row   v2 ≠ v3   # Check bottom row…
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