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a)
Interpretation:
The products formed and the mechanism by which they are formed when 3-methoxypentane is treated with HBr is to be given.
Concept introduction:
Ethers are cleaved by strong acids. The cleavage takes place either by SN1 or SN2 mechanisms, depending upon the structure of the substrate. Ethers with only primary and secondary alkyl groups react by SN2 mechanism. The Br- or I- attacks the protonated ether at the less hindered side to yield a single alcohol and a single
To give:
The products formed and the mechanism by which it/they is/are formed when 3-methoxypentane is treated with HBr.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 23MP
The products formed when 3-methoxypentane is treated with HBr are 3-pentanol and methyl bromide.
The mechanism of their formation is given below.
Explanation of Solution
The ether given has a secondary carbon and a primary carbon attached to the oxygen. The acid cleavage of the ether can take place through SN2 mechanism. The Br- attacks the protonated ether at the less hindered side to yield 3-pentanol and methyl bromide.
The products formed when 3-methoxypentane is treated with HBr are 3-pentanol and methyl bromide.
The mechanism of their formation is given below.
b)
Interpretation:
The products formed and the mechanism by which they are formed when ethyl isopropyl ether is treated with HI are to be given.
Concept introduction:
Ethers are cleaved by strong acids. The cleavage takes place either by SN1 or SN2 mechanisms, depending upon the structure of the substrate. Ethers with only primary and secondary alkyl groups react by SN2 mechanism. The Br- or I- attacks the protonated ether at the less hindered side to yield a single alcohol and a single alkyl halide. Ethers with a tertiary, benzylic or an allylic group cleave either by SN1 or E1 mechanism because these can produce a stable carbocations yielding alkenes and alcohols.
To give:
The products formed and the mechanism by which they are formed when ethyl isopropyl ether is treated with HI.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 23MP
The products formed when ethyl isopropyl ether is treated with HBr are 2-propanol and methyl iodide.
The mechanism of their formation is given below.
Explanation of Solution
The ether given has a secondary carbon and a primary carbon attached to the oxygen. The acid cleavage of the ether can take place through SN2 mechanism. The I- ion attacks the protonated ether at the less hindered side to yield 2-propanol and methyl iodide.
The products formed when ethyl isopropyl ether is treated with HBr are 2-propanol and methyl iodide.
The mechanism of their formation is given below.
c)
Interpretation:
The products formed and the mechanism by which they are formed when ethyl phenyl ether is treated with HBr is to be given.
Concept introduction:
Ethers are cleaved by strong acids. The cleavage takes place either by SN1 or SN2 mechanisms, depending upon the structure of the substrate. Ethers with only primary and secondary alkyl groups react by SN2 mechanism. The Br- or I- attacks the protonated ether at the less hindered side to yield a single alcohol and a single alkyl halide. Ethers with a tertiary, benzylic or an allylic group cleave either by SN1 or E1 mechanism because these can produce a stable carbocations yielding alkenes and alcohols.
To give:
The products formed and the mechanism by which they are formed when ethyl phenyl ether is treated with HBr.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 23MP
The products formed when ethyl phenyl ether is treated with HBr are phenol and ethyl iodide.
The mechanism of their formation is given below.
Explanation of Solution
The ether given has a benzene ring and a methyl group attached to the oxygen. The acid cleavage of the ether can take place through SN2 mechanism. The Br- ion attacks the protonated ether at the less hindered side to yield phenol and ethyl bromide.
The products formed when ethyl phenyl ether is treated with HBr are phenol and ethyl iodide.
The mechanism of their formation is given below.
d)
Interpretation:
The products formed and the mechanism by which they are formed when cyclopentyl propyl ether is treated with HI are to be given.
Concept introduction:
Ethers are cleaved by strong acids. The cleavage takes place either by SN1 or SN2 mechanisms, depending upon the structure of the substrate. Ethers with only primary and secondary alkyl groups react by SN2mechanism. The Br- or I- attacks the protonated ether at the less hindered side to yield a single alcohol and a single alkyl halide. Ethers with a tertiary, benzylic or an allylic group cleave either by SN1 or E1 mechanism because these can produce a stable carbocations yielding alkenes and alcohols.
To give:
The products formed and the mechanism by which they are formed when cyclopentyl propyl ether is treated with HI.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 23MP
The products formed when cyclopentyl propyl ether is treated with HI are cyclopentanol and 1-iodopropane.
The mechanism of their formation is given below.
Explanation of Solution
The ether given has a secondary carbon and a primary carbon attached to the oxygen. The acid cleavage of the ether can take place through SN2 mechanism. The I- ion attacks the protonated ether at the less hindered side to yield cyclopentanol and 1-iodopropane.
The products formed when cyclopentyl propyl ether is treated with HI are cyclopentanol and 1-bromopropane.
The mechanism of their formation is given below.
All the reactions, (a), (b), (c) and (d) take place following SN2 mechanism and the attack of the halide ion on the protonated
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Bundle: Organic Chemistry, 9th, Loose-Leaf + OWLv2, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card
- Provide the unknown for the given data.arrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structures of two methanol (CH3OH) molecules and depict hydrogenbonding between them with dashed lines. Show all lone pairs. Provide a thorough analysis to apply concept idea into other problems.arrow_forwardSteps and explanation please.arrow_forward
- How could you distinguish between each pair of compounds below using IR? For each pair citeone bond and it’s frequency that you could use to distinguish between them. Please provide thorough analysis to apply into further problems.arrow_forwardSteps and explanation please.arrow_forwardSteps and explanation on how to solve.arrow_forward
- Provide the unknown for the given data.arrow_forwardElectron Arrangement A. Fill in the following chart relating to levels, sublevels and orbitals. Levels (n) 1 Sublevels # of Orbitals per sublevel 2 3 4 # of Electrons per sublevel Total Electrons per level Complete: B. Answer the following questions related to levels, sublevels, orbitals and electrons. 1. How many sublevels are in energy level 2? 2. How many orbitals are in a 4f sublevel? 3. How many electrons can level 3 hold? 4. How many orbitals are in level 4? 5. How many electrons can sublevel 2p hold? 11arrow_forwardProvide the unknown for the given details.arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningEBK A SMALL SCALE APPROACH TO ORGANIC LChemistryISBN:9781305446021Author:LampmanPublisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT
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