Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18.3, Problem 1CC
The best estimate is that the human genome contains fewer than 21,000 genes. However, there is evidence that human cells produce many more than 21,000 different polypeptides. What processes might account for this discrepancy?
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People who carry a theoretical genetic disorder (called B-disease) can be identified from a 2kb DNA sequence.People who carry this genetic disorder have a single nucleotide polymorphism that results in a change of GTATCC to GGATCC, a site that only occurs once at nucleotide number 750 in this DNA sequence. Answer the following questions based on the information provided.
(a) How can you develop a simple molecular test to identify the genetic disorder?
(b) If you have carried out the molecular test (based on the information above) on a 100 individual and found that 24 were healthy (BB) and 26 were carriers (bb);
1) What is the ratio of heterozygous?
2) Show how can you identify the three types from the agarose gel
On the basis of current knowledge, the protein-encoding regions account for only about 3% of the human genome. What is the function of the rest of the DNA?
People who carry a theoretical genetic disorder (called B-disease) can be identified from a 2kb DNA sequence. People who carry this genetic disorder have a single nucleotide polymorphism that results in a change of GTATTC to GGATTC, a site that only occurs once at nucleotide number 750 in this DNA sequence. Answer the following questions based on the information provided.
(a) How can you develop a simple molecular test to identify the genetic disorder?
(b) If you have carried out the molecular test (based on the information above) on a 100 individuals and found that 24 were healthy (BB) and 26 were carriers (bb); 1) What is the ratio of heterozygous? 2) Show how can you identify the three types from the agarose gel.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.2 - Explain the advantage of the systems biology...Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.3 - The best estimate is that the human genome...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.4 - Discuss the characteristics of mammalian genomes...Ch. 18.4 - Which of the three mechanisms described in Figures...Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 3CC
Ch. 18.5 - Describe three examples of errors in cellular...Ch. 18.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.6 - Would you expect the genome of the macaque (a...Ch. 18.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 18 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 18 - Two eukaryotic proteins have one domain in common...Ch. 18 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The scientists mapping human...Ch. 18 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Genes important in the...Ch. 18 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION The continuity of life is...Ch. 18 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Insects have three...
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- People who carry a theoretical genetic disorder (called B-disease) can be identified from a 2kb DNA sequence. People who carry this genetic disorder have a single nucleotide polymorphism that results in a change of GTATCC to GGATCC, a site that only occurs once at nucleotide number 750 in this DNA sequence. Answer the following questions based on the information provided. (a) How can you develop a simple molecular test to identify the genetic disorder?r B-dif w. (41 (b) If you have carried out the molecular test (based on the information above) on a 100 individual and found that 24 were healthy (BB) and 26 were carriers (bb); 1) What is the ratio of heterozygous? 2) Show how can you identify the three types from the agarose gel (H focaiarrow_forwardWhat percentage of the DNA in the genome actually corresponds to genes? How much is actually protein-coding exons? What makes up the rest?arrow_forwardWhen the human genome sequence was finally completed, scientists were surprised to discover that the genome contains far fewer genes than expected. How many genes are present in the human genome? Scientists have also found that there are many more different kinds of proteins in human cells than there are different genes in the genome. How can this be explained?arrow_forward
- The best estimate is that the human genome containsfewer than 21,000 genes. However, there is evidencethat human cells produce many more than 21,000 different polypeptides. What processes might account for thisdiscrepancy?arrow_forwardAnnotation of the human genome sequence reveals a discrepancy between the number of protein-coding genes and the number of predicted proteins actually expressed by the genome. Proteomic analysis indicates that human cells are capable of synthesizing more than 100,000 different proteins and perhaps three times this number. What is the discrepancy, and how can it be reconciled?arrow_forwardPeople who carry a theoretical genetic disorder (called B-disease) can be identified from a 2kb DNA sequence. People who carry this genetic disorder have a single nucleotide polymorphism that results in a change of GTATCC to GGATCC, a site that only occurs once at nucleotide number 750 in this DNA sequence. Answer the following questions based on the information provided: (a) How can you develop a simple molecular test to identify the genetic disorder (based on the information above) ? (b) If you have carried out the molecular test (based on the information above) on a 100 individual and found that 24 were healthy (BB) and 26 were carriers (bb); 1) What is the ratio of heterozygous? 2) Show how can you identify the three types from the agarose gel ? *note: the carrier means : (bb), I mean the diseased individuals who are carriers of the bb genotype.arrow_forward
- All the cells of one organism share the same genome. However, during development, some cells develop into skin cells while others develop into muscle cells. Briefly explain how the same genetic instructions can result in two different cell types in the same organism.arrow_forwardA diploid (ie, contains TWO sets of chromosomes) organisms with a 45,000-kb haploid (counts only one set of its chromosomes) genome contains 21% G residues. Calculate the number of A, C, G< and T residues in the DNA of each cell in this organism. Can you help explain why this is the answer, thank you! Answer: Since the haploid genome contains 21% G, it must contain 21% C (Because G=C) and 58% A + T, or 29% A and 29% T. Each cell is a diploid, containing 90,000 kb or 9x10^7 bases. Therefore, A=T = (0.29)(9x10^7) = 2.61 x 10^7 bases and G=C=(0.21)(9x10^7) = 1.89x10^7 bases.arrow_forwardThe axial ratio is a term used to describe a rod-shaped molecule using the ratio of its length to its diameter. Given that the standard conformation of DNA in a physiological solution has a diameter of 2.37 nm, what is the axial ratio of the longest chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster DNA, which is 21000 µm long? Please record your answer in scientific notation. axial ratio: x10arrow_forward
- The human genome contains 3 billion nucleotides arranged in a vast array of sequences. What is the minimum length of a DNA sequence that will, in all probability, appear only once in the human genome? You need consider only one strand and may assume that all four nucleotides have the same probability of appearance.arrow_forward#15 & #16arrow_forwardThe technique of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is described. This is another method for examining sequence complexity within a genome. In this method, a DNA sequence, such as a particular gene sequence, can be detected within an intact chromosome by using a DNA probe that is complementary to the sequence.For example, let’s consider the β-globin gene, which isfound on human chromosome 11. A probe complementary to theβ-globin gene binds to that gene and shows up as a brightly colored spot on human chromosome 11. In this way, researchers can detectwhere the β-globin gene is located within a set of chromosomes. Becausethe β-globin gene is unique and because human cells are diploid(i.e., have two copies of each chromosome), a FISH experimentshows two bright spots per cell; the probe binds to each copy ofchromosome 11. What would you expect to see if you used thefollowing types of probes?A. A probe complementary to the Alu sequenceB. A probe complementary to a tandem array near…arrow_forward
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