The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined. Concept Introduction: There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 18.13, Problem 18P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 18.13, Problem 18P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 18.13, Problem 18P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 18.13, Problem 18P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18.13, Problem 18P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 6

Chapter 18.13, Problem 18P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 7

Chapter 18.13, Problem 18P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 8

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 9

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 10

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 11

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 12

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 13

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 14

e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 15

e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 16

f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 17

f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given substituent is ortho-para directors or meta directors are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

There are two types of functional groups present in the compounds. One is electron withdrawing and another is electron donating. Electron donating groups direct the electrophile to ortho and para positions. Electron withdrawing groups direct the electrophile to meta position.

Answer 18

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Answer 19

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Answer 20

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Answer 21

Ch. 18.1 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 18.3 - Why does hydration inactivate FeBr3?Ch. 18.6 - Prob. 4P Ch. 18.7 - What is the major product of a Friedel-Crafts...Ch. 18.9 - Describe two ways to prepare each of the following...Ch. 18.10 - Prob. 7P Ch. 18.11 - Name the following:Ch. 18.11 - Draw a structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 18.11 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 18.11 - Correct the following incorrect names: a....

Solution Summary: The author explains that there are two types of functional groups present in the compounds: electron withdrawing and electron donating.

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Chapter 18 Solutions