Chapter 18, Problem 86AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The elements being reduced and oxidized in the following reaction should be determined.

  $2\text{Al}(s)+6\text{HCl}(aq)\to 2{\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}(aq)+{\text{3H}}_{\text{2}}(g)$

Concept Introduction: The oxidation state is defined as the charge(s) that an atom would have when electron(s) were transferred completely from a molecule or ion.

The increase in oxidation state of an atom in a reaction indicates oxidation whereas decrease in oxidation state indicates reduction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The elements being reduced and oxidized in the following reaction should be determined.

  $2\text{HI}(g)\to {\text{H}}_{\text{2}}(g)+{\text{I}}_{\text{2}}(s)$

Concept Introduction: The oxidation state is defined as the charge(s) that an atom would have when electron(s) were transferred completely from a molecule or ion.

The increase in oxidation state of an atom in a reaction indicates oxidation whereas decrease in oxidation state indicates reduction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The elements being reduced and oxidized in the following reaction should be determined.

  $\text{Cu}(s)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}(aq)\to {\text{CuSO}}_{\text{4}}(aq)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}(g)$

Concept Introduction: The oxidation state is defined as the charge(s) that an atom would have when electron(s) were transferred completely from a molecule or ion.

The increase in oxidation state of an atom in a reaction indicates oxidation whereas decrease in oxidation state indicates reduction.