Chapter 18, Problem 6PS

Predict whether each of the following processes results in an increase in entropy in the system. (Define reactants and products as the system.)

1. (a) Water vapor condenses to liquid water at 90 °C and 1 atm pressure.
2. (b) The exothermic reaction of Na(s) and Cl₂(g) forms NaCl(s).
3. (c) The endothermic reaction of H₂ and I₂ produces an equilibrium mixture of H₂(g), I₂(g), and HI(g).
4. (d) Solid NaCl dissolves in water forming a saturated solution.