
Sub part (a):
To determine: The flow of income.
Sub part (a):

Explanation of Solution
The construction of school forces the government to boost is expenses in the market by increasing business revenues. Resource owners of the school construction have a raise in income. These resources need to be side tracked from private sector. Taxes might have to increase to construct the high school.
In case, the economy is facing an
Concept Introduction
Circular flow: It is a way of representing the flow of money between the two main groups in society - producers (firms) and consumers (households). This flow is a part of the fundamental process for satisfying human wants.
Sub part (b):
To determine: The flow of income and impact of tax.
Sub part (b):

Explanation of Solution
It reduces the financial resources transfer from the businesses to the government. Then the business tax reduces and thus, the business owners will get a bigger percent of the income. These companies use the amplified profits to acquire capital commodities and labor. The weakening of the commercial income tax forces the government to reduce spending, and corporate spending increases the causing resource reallocation.
In case, the economy is facing unemployment and no reduction in government expenses, we see an increased spending if the companies increase their expenses on capital commodities. The distribution effect will have a dependency in knowing if the profits are going straight to people with a higher income or are these being spent for the assets and employees of the organization.
Sub part (c)
The impact over the resource reallocation of the economy.
Sub part (c)

Explanation of Solution
This will cause an increase in commodities and services to people from the government or this can be termed as net taxes that are being reduced, which is the same to a raise in transfer payments. This is the income’s redistribution in support of the people who are not wealthy. Resources to be paid by the government will be going up as additional teachers need to be employed and salaried.
This will need the resource reallocation from the private sector to the public sector by reducing the unemployment rate. In this case, there will be an upward pressure on prices to an extent if this is a transfer payment program and the production will not increase.
Sub part (d):
The impact over the resource reallocation of the economy.
Sub part (d):

Explanation of Solution
This will cause an increase in net taxes paid by business. As the business will see this as an increase in costs, it will bring down its
The households will reduce their demand for utilization of commodities and services from companies as they have a low income. So the net household taxes that the government receives will decrease. The distribution of income will be away from profits toward the other three categories to the extent that the total tax revenues increase.
There will be a slight increase in the allocation of resources from the private sector to the public sector. Resources will also be allocated towards pollution control equipment. As the supply has reduced due to the increase in costs to business, unemployment and thus, the prices will increase.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 18 Solutions
Microeconomics: Principles, Problems, & Policies (McGraw-Hill Series in Economics)
- Sue is a sole proprietor of her own sewing business. Revenues are $150,000 per year and raw material (cloth, thread) costs are $130,000 per year. Sue pays herself a salary of $60,000 per year but gave up a job with a salary of $80,000 to run the business. ○ A. Her accounting profits are $0. Her economic profits are - $60,000. ○ B. Her accounting profits are $0. Her economic profits are - $40,000. ○ C. Her accounting profits are - $40,000. Her economic profits are - $60,000. ○ D. Her accounting profits are - $60,000. Her economic profits are -$40,000.arrow_forwardSelect a number that describes the type of firm organization indicated. Descriptions of Firm Organizations: 1. has one owner-manager who is personally responsible for all aspects of the business, including its debts 2. one type of partner takes part in managing the firm and is personally liable for the firm's actions and debts, and the other type of partner takes no part in the management of the firm and risks only the money that they have invested 3. owners are not personally responsible for anything that is done in the name of the firm 4. owned by the government but is usually under the direction of a more or less independent, state-appointed board 5. established with the explicit objective of providing goods or services but only in a manner that just covers its costs 6. has two or more joint owners, each of whom is personally responsible for all of the partnership's debts Type of Firm Organization a. limited partnership b. single proprietorship c. corporation Correct Numberarrow_forwardThe table below provides the total revenues and costs for a small landscaping company in a recent year. Total Revenues ($) 250,000 Total Costs ($) - wages and salaries 100,000 -risk-free return of 2% on owner's capital of $25,000 500 -interest on bank loan 1,000 - cost of supplies 27,000 - depreciation of capital equipment 8,000 - additional wages the owner could have earned in next best alternative 30,000 -risk premium of 4% on owner's capital of $25,000 1,000 The economic profits for this firm are ○ A. $83,000. B. $82,500. OC. $114,000. OD. $83,500. ○ E. $112,500.arrow_forward
- Output TFC ($) TVC ($) TC ($) (Q) 2 100 104 204 3 100 203 303 4 100 300 400 5 100 405 505 6 100 512 612 7 100 621 721 Given the information about short-run costs in the table above, we can conclude that the firm will minimize the average total cost of production when Q = (Round your response to the nearest whole number.)arrow_forwardThe following data show the total output for a firm when specified amounts of labour are combined with a fixed amount of capital. Assume that the wage per unit of labour is $20 and the cost of the capital is $100. Labour per unit of time 0 1 Total Output 0 25 T 2 3 4 5 75 137 212 267 The marginal product of labour is at its maximum when the firm changes the amount of labour hired from ○ A. 0 to 1 unit. ○ B. 3 to 4 units. OC. 2 to 3 units. OD. 1 to 2 units. ○ E. 4 to 5 units.arrow_forwardThe table below provides the annual revenues and costs for a family-owned firm producing catered meals. Total Revenues ($) 600,000 Total Costs ($) - wages and salaries 250,000 -risk-free return of 7% on owners' capital of $300,000 21,000 - rent 101,000 - depreciation of capital equipment 22,000 -risk premium of 9% on owners' capital of $300,000 27,000 - intermediate inputs 146,000 -forgone wages of owners in alternative employment -interest on bank loan 70,000 11,000 The implicit costs for this family-owned firm are ○ A. $70,000. OB. $97,000. OC. $589,000. OD. $118,000. ○ E. $48,000.arrow_forward
- Suppose a production function for a firm takes the following algebraic form: Q= 2KL - (0.3)L², where Q is the output of sweaters per day. Now suppose the firm is operating with 10 units of capital (K = 10) and 6 units of labour (L = 6). What is the output of sweaters? A. 64 sweaters per day OB. 49 sweaters per day OC. 109 sweaters per day OD. 72 sweaters per day OE. 118 sweaters per dayarrow_forward3. Consider a course allocation problem with strict and non-responsive preferences. Isthere a mechanism that is efficient and strategy-proof? If so, state the mechanismand show that it satisfies efficiency and strategyproofness. {hint serial dictatorship and show using example}4. Consider a course allocation problem with responsive preferences and at least 3students. Is there a mechanism that is efficient and strategy-proof that is not theSerial Dictatorship? If so, state the mechanism and show that it satisfies efficiencyand strategyproofness.5. Suggest a mechanism for allocating students to courses in a situation where preferences are non-responsive, and study its properties (efficiency and strategyproofness). Please be creativearrow_forward3. Consider a course allocation problem with strict and non-responsive preferences. Isthere a mechanism that is efficient and strategy-proof? If so, state the mechanismand show that it satisfies efficiency and strategyproofness. {hint serial dictatorship}4. Consider a course allocation problem with responsive preferences and at least 3students. Is there a mechanism that is efficient and strategy-proof that is not theSerial Dictatorship? If so, state the mechanism and show that it satisfies efficiencyand strategyproofness.5. Suggest a mechanism for allocating students to courses in a situation where preferences are non-responsive, and study its properties (efficiency and strategyproofness). Please be creativearrow_forward
- 2. a) Consider a market where one firm (firm 1) currently produces, but a second firm (firm 2) is intending to enter and sell an identical product. The market has inverse demand given by p = 40 – Q, where Q is the total output sold in the market. Firm 1 has a marginal cost of 16 and firm 2 has a marginal cost of c < 16, with no fixed cost for either firm. Firm 2 has a choice of competing on price or quantity, with firms making their choices simultaneously (i.e. the market will be either a Bertrand or Cournot duopoly). If you were advising firm 2 on entering this market, how would you advise it to compete? To what extent would the size of firm 2’s cost advantage affect your advice? b) Now assume that firm 2 is aware that other firms are considering entering the market, so the market may over time change from a duopoly to an oligopoly with more than two firms. This would not change the nature of competition (i.e. any additional firms would set price or quantity in line with the first…arrow_forward1. Consider two firms (i=1,2) interacting in the market. Assume that firms compete in quantities and therefore they choose either to cooperate or not in each round. If a firm deviates it earns monopoly profit for a round and a punishment phase will follow from next round onwards (for ever) where both firms choose the Cournot quantity. Assume a discounting factor & and that firms meet in the market in every period. The demand facing the industry is p = 1 92. Let Q = q1 + 92 denote the aggregate industry output - 91 - level. Assume further that production is costless.arrow_forwardQ4 (30 points) Subsidy in Auctions Consider a sealed-bid second-price auction with two bidders. Valuation of bidder 1 is drawn from the uniform distribution on [0, 100], and valuation of bidder 2 is independently drawn from the uniform distribution on [0, 300].arrow_forward
- Principles of MicroeconomicsEconomicsISBN:9781305156050Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Economics 2eEconomicsISBN:9781947172364Author:Steven A. Greenlaw; David ShapiroPublisher:OpenStax
- Principles of Macroeconomics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781305971509Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781305585126Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Microeconomics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781305971493Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage Learning




