
Concept explainers
(1)
To determine:
The type of hypersensitivity reaction that Steven is manifesting.
Case summary:
An eight year old boy, Steven, was stung by a bee. His arm is getting more red, tender, and itchy. His father have him acetaminophen a day before his check up, which gave him relief. There is no history of medical problems or allergies of the body. There is a huge area on his left upper arm that is red and puffy. The area does not appear to be infected and there is no drainage or streaking. Lungs and the body temperature are normal.
(2)
To determine:
Besides acetaminophen, other over-the-counter medications that might relieve the boy’s itching.
Case summary:
An eight year old boy, Steven, was stung by a bee. His arm is getting more red, tender, and itchy. His father have him acetaminophen a day before his check up, which gave him relief. There is no history of medical problems or allergies of the body. There is a huge area on his left upper arm that is red and puffy. The area does not appear to be infected and there is no drainage or streaking. Lungs and the body temperature are normal.
(3)
To determine:
The mechanism that is causing the signs and symptoms that are shown by the boy.
Case summary:
An eight year old boy, Steven, was stung by a bee. His arm is getting more red, tender, and itchy. His father have him acetaminophen a day before his check up, which gave him relief. There is no history of medical problems or allergies of the body. There is a huge area on his left upper arm that is red and puffy. The area does not appear to be infected and there is no drainage or streaking. Lungs and the body temperature are normal.
(4)
To determine:
The future health risk that the son’s father should be aware of as the area is not infected.
Case summary:
An eight year old boy, Steven, was stung by a bee. His arm is getting more red, tender, and itchy. His father have him acetaminophen a day before his check up, which gave him relief. There is no history of medical problems or allergies of the body. There is a huge area on his left upper arm that is red and puffy. The area does not appear to be infected and there is no drainage or streaking. Lungs and the body temperature are normal.
(5)
To determine:
The possible ways by which the future risk from a bee sting be determined.
Case summary:
An eight year old boy, Steven, was stung by a bee. His arm is getting more red, tender, and itchy. His father have him acetaminophen a day before his check up, which gave him relief. There is no history of medical problems or allergies of the body. There is a huge area on his left upper arm that is red and puffy. The area does not appear to be infected and there is no drainage or streaking. Lungs and the body temperature are normal.
(6)
To determine:
How severe allergic reaction can be recognized.
Case summary:
An eight year old boy, Steven, was stung by a bee. His arm is getting more red, tender, and itchy. His father have him acetaminophen a day before his check up, which gave him relief. There is no history of medical problems or allergies of the body. There is a huge area on his left upper arm that is red and puffy. The area does not appear to be infected and there is no drainage or streaking. Lungs and the body temperature are normal.
(7)
To determine:
The precautions that the family can take to protect the boy from future reactions.
Case summary:
An eight year old boy, Steven, was stung by a bee. His arm is getting more red, tender, and itchy. His father have him acetaminophen a day before his check up, which gave him relief. There is no history of medical problems or allergies of the body. There is a huge area on his left upper arm that is red and puffy. The area does not appear to be infected and there is no drainage or streaking. Lungs and the body temperature are normal.

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Chapter 18 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Taxonomy (5th Edition)
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- With reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobinarrow_forwardWhich ONE of the following is FALSE regarding haemoglobin? It has two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. The subunits are joined by disulphide bonds. Each subunit covalently binds a haem group. Conformational change in one subunit can be transmitted to another. There are many variant ("mutant") forms of haemoglobin that are not harmful.arrow_forwardWhich ONE of the following is FALSE regarding haemoglobin? It has two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. The subunits are joined by disulphide bonds. Each subunit covalently binds a haem group. Conformational change in one subunit can be transmitted to another. There are many variant ("mutant") forms of haemoglobin that are not harmful.arrow_forward
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- Endospore stain: Consider tube 2 of the 7-day bacillus culture. After is was heated, it was incubated for 24 hours then refrigerated. Do you think the cloudiness in this tube is due mostly to vegetative cells or to endospores? Explain your reasoningarrow_forwardReactunts C6H12O6 (Glucose) + 2NAD+ + 2ADP 2 Pyruvic acid + 2NADH + 2ATP a. Which of the above are the reactants? b. Which of the above are the products? c. Which reactant is the electron donor? GHz 06 (glucose) d. Which reactant is the electron acceptor? NAD e. Which of the products have been reduced? NADH f. Which of the products have been oxidized? g. Which process was used to produce the ATP? h. Where was the energy initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished? i. Where was the carbon initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished? j. Where were the electrons initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished? 3arrow_forwardThere is ________ the concept of global warming. Very strong evidence to support Some strong evidence to support Evidence both supporting and against Evidence againstarrow_forward
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