The equation that represents the action of proteolytic enzyme chymotrypsin has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Certain enzymes called proteolytic enzymes are involved in the cleavage of the peptide bonds that are found in the primary structure of polypeptides. These proteolytic enzymes are often refereed as serine proteases because of the presence of a nucleophilic serine at the active site of the enzyme. They are classified on the basis of the substrate specificity. For example, the trypsin proteases cleave specifically at the carbonyl end of positively charged amino acids such as arginine or lysine except for the cases of amino acids that are followed by proline. Chymotrypsin cleaves at the carbonyl terminal of aromatic amino acids such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan.

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Chapter 18, Problem 18.95QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation that represents the action of proteolytic enzyme chymotrypsin has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Certain enzymes called proteolytic enzymes are involved in the cleavage of the peptide bonds that are found in the primary structure of polypeptides.

These proteolytic enzymes are often refereed as serine proteases because of the presence of a nucleophilic serine at the active site of the enzyme. They are classified on the basis of the substrate specificity.

For example, the trypsin proteases cleave specifically at the carbonyl end of positively charged amino acids such as arginine or lysine except for the cases of amino acids that are followed by proline.

Chymotrypsin cleaves at the carbonyl terminal of aromatic amino acids such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan.

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I have a question about this problem involving mechanisms and drawing curved arrows for acids and bases. I know we need to identify the nucleophile and electrophile, but are there different types of reactions? For instance, what about Grignard reagents and other types that I might not be familiar with? Can you help me with this? I want to identify the names of the mechanisms for problems 1-14, such as Gilman reagents and others. Are they all the same? Also, could you rewrite it so I can better understand? The handwriting is pretty cluttered. Additionally, I need to label the nucleophile and electrophile, but my main concern is whether those reactions differ, like the "Brønsted-Lowry acid-base mechanism, Lewis acid-base mechanism, acid-catalyzed mechanisms, acid-catalyzed reactions, base-catalyzed reactions, nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (SN1 and SN2), elimination reactions (E1 and E2), organometallic mechanisms, and so forth."