The value of Kc < 1 for the given H 2 PO 4 − + F − ⇌ HF + HPO 4 2 − acid - base reaction has to be determined. Concept introduction: Conjugate acid-Base pairs: The acid donates the proton to form its conjugate base and the base accepts a proton to form its conjugate acid. When an acid is dissolved in water, the acid (HA) donates a proton to water to form a new acid (conjugate acid) and a new base (conjugate base). The pair of an Acid –Base differs by a proton called conjugated Acid-Base pair. In acid – base reaction, if the stronger acid produces the weaker acid which tells that the reaction favors the products, and the Kc value is greater than one ( Kc > 1 ) . If the weaker acid produces the stronger acid which tells that the reaction favors the reactants, and the Kc value is less than one ( Kc < 1 ) .

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Chapter 18, Problem 18.58P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of Kc < 1 for the given H2PO4− + F−⇌ HF + HPO42− acid - base reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Conjugate acid-Base pairs:

The acid donates the proton to form its conjugate base and the base accepts a proton to form its conjugate acid.

When an acid is dissolved in water, the acid (HA) donates a proton to water to form a new acid (conjugate acid) and a new base (conjugate base).

The pair of an Acid –Base differs by a proton called conjugated Acid-Base pair.

In acid – base reaction, if the stronger acid produces the weaker acid which tells that the reaction favors the products, and the Kc value is greater than one (Kc > 1). If the weaker acid produces the stronger acid which tells that the reaction favors the reactants, and the Kc value is less than one (Kc < 1).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of Kc < 1 for the given CH3COO− + HSO4-⇌CH3COOH + SO42− acid - base reaction has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Conjugate acid-Base pairs:

The acid donates the proton to form its conjugate base and the base accepts a proton to form its conjugate acid.

When an acid is dissolved in water, the acid (HA) donates a proton to water to form a new acid (conjugate acid) and a new base (conjugate base).

The pair of an Acid –Base differs by a proton called conjugated Acid-Base pair.

In acid – base reaction, if the stronger acid produces the weaker acid which tells that the reaction favors the products, and the Kc value is greater than one (Kc > 1). If the weaker acid produces the stronger acid which tells that the reaction favors the reactants, and the Kc value is less than one (Kc < 1).

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