a)
Interpretation: To determine which solution has the highest pH
Concept introduction: The pH scale will range from 1-14. pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. If pH is greater than 7, then the solution is basic, less than 7 then the solution is acidic and if it is equal to 7 the solution will be neutral. pH and pOH are related by the equation:
pH + pOH =14
The equation used to determine the pH when concentration is given will be as follows:
b)
Interpretation: To determine which solution has the highest pH
Concept introduction: The pH scale will range from 1-14. pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. If pH is greater than 7 then the solution is basic, less than 7 then the solution is acidic and if it is equal to 7 the solution will be neutral. pH and pOH are related by the equation:
pH + pOH =14
The equation used to determine the pH when concentration is given will be as follows:
c)
Interpretation: To determine which solution has the highest pH
Concept introduction: The pH scale will range from 1-14. pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. If pH is greater than 7 then the solution is basic, less than 7 then the solution is acidic and if it is equal to 7 the solution will be neutral. pH and pOH are related by the equation:
pH + pOH =14
d)
Interpretation: To determine which solution has the highest pH.
Concept introduction: The pH scale will range from 1-14. pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. If pH is greater than 7 then the solution is basic, less than 7 then the solution is acidic and if it is equal to 7 the solution will be neutral. pH and pOH are related by the equation:
pH + pOH =14
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CHEMISTRY: THE MOLECULAR NATURE OF MATTE
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- A hydrogen atom in the organic base pyridine, C5H5N, can be substituted by various atoms or groups to give XC5H4N, where X is an atom such as Cl or a group such as CH3. The following table gives Ka values for the conjugate acids of a variety of substituted pyridines. (a) Suppose each conjugate acid is dissolved in sufficient water to give a 0.050 M solution. Which solution would have the highest pH? The lowest pH? (b) Which of the substituted pyridines is the strongest Brnsted base? Which is the weakest Brnsted base?arrow_forwardPure liquid ammonia ionizes in a manner similar to that of water. (a) Write the equilibrium for the autoionization of liquid ammonia. (b) Identify the conjugate acid form and the base form of the solvent. (c) Is NaNH2 an acid or a base in this solvent? (d) Is ammonium bromide an acid or a base in this solvent?arrow_forwardA solution of formic acid (HCOOH, Ka = 1.8 104) has a pH of 2.70. Calculate the initial concentration of formic acid in this solution.arrow_forward
- Which acid has the strongest conjugate base? (a) HNO2 (b) C6H5CO2H (c) HCN (d) HClarrow_forwardAmantadine, C10H15NH2, is a weak base used in the treatment of Parkinsons disease. Its conjugate acid has Ka = 7.9 1011. Calculate the pH of a 0.0010-M aqueous solution of amantadine at 25 C.arrow_forwardIn each of the following acid-base reactions, identify the Brnsted acid and base on the left and their conjugate partners on the right. (a) HCO2H(aq) + H2O() HCO2(aq) + H3O+(aq) (b) NH3(aq) + H2S(aq) NH4+(aq) + HS(aq) (c) HSO4(aq) + OH(aq) SO42(aq) + H2O+()arrow_forward
- Write the reaction and the corresponding Kb equilibrium expression for each of the following substances acting as bases in water. a. NH3 b. C5H5Narrow_forwardWrite equations that show NH3 as both a conjugate acid and a conjugate base.arrow_forwardConsider the following four solutions: (1) apple juice, pH 3.8, (2) pickle juice, pH 3.5, (3) carbonated beverage, pH 3.0, and (4) drinking water, pH 7.2. a. Which solution has the highest [H3O+]? b. Which solution has the highest [OH]? c. List the solutions in order of increasing acidity. d. List the solutions in order of decreasing basicity.arrow_forward
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