To compare: The structure of planarian and earthworm with regard to their: digestive tract, body cavity and the segmentation. Concept introduction: The Planaria is a flatworm that is included in phylum Platyhelminthes . They have no body cavity as they are flat. They resemble ribbon shape and are about 1mm to 20 m. They have incomplete digestive system . They show bilateral symmetry. Many species of flatworms are parasitic in nature. The flatworms are bilaterally symmetrical animals. The Earthworm is included in phylum Annelida which is the group of animals that are included in the invertebrates. These are the true segmented worms that have flexible body and no hard skeleton is present in their body. They have closed circulatory system, small brain, nervous system and excretory system. They do not have legs. Their body cavity is filled with coelom. Their size range from 1 mm to 3 m. They are found in various habitats like in soil, at the bottom of the ocean or in fresh waters.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 18, Problem 17TYK

Summary Introduction

To compare: The structure of planarian and earthworm with regard to their: digestive tract, body cavity and the segmentation.

Concept introduction: The Planaria is a flatworm that is included in phylum Platyhelminthes. They have no body cavity as they are flat. They resemble ribbon shape and are about 1mm to 20 m. They have incomplete digestive system. They show bilateral symmetry. Many species of flatworms are parasitic in nature. The flatworms are bilaterally symmetrical animals.

The Earthworm is included in phylum Annelida which is the group of animals that are included in the invertebrates. These are the true segmented worms that have flexible body and no hard skeleton is present in their body. They have closed circulatory system, small brain, nervous system and excretory system. They do not have legs. Their body cavity is filled with coelom. Their size range from 1 mm to 3 m. They are found in various habitats like in soil, at the bottom of the ocean or in fresh waters.

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Question #5: Assume that two genes are identified that confer gametophytic facultative apomixis in soybean. The genes show independent assortment. Recessive alleles at both loci are required for the facultative apomixis. Facultative apomixis is triggered when the temperature at pollination is above 20 degrees C. At temperatures below 20 degrees C, all reproduction is sexual, independent of genotype. A facultative apomict male, capable of producing viable pollen, was crossed with a sexually reproducing female. Assuming the parents are completely inbred, what are the predicted phenotypic ratios (apomict: non-apomict) for the F1, F2, and DH (F1-derived) generations at each of the following temperatures*: a) 15°C? b) 25°C? *for full credit, show crosses and genotypes where appropriate. Remember to position the female first (left side) in the cross. Type your answer here:

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Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 18, Problem 17TYK

Summary Introduction

To compare: The structure of planarian and earthworm with regard to their: digestive tract, body cavity and the segmentation.

Concept introduction: The Planaria is a flatworm that is included in phylum Platyhelminthes. They have no body cavity as they are flat. They resemble ribbon shape and are about 1mm to 20 m. They have incomplete digestive system. They show bilateral symmetry. Many species of flatworms are parasitic in nature. The flatworms are bilaterally symmetrical animals.

The Earthworm is included in phylum Annelida which is the group of animals that are included in the invertebrates. These are the true segmented worms that have flexible body and no hard skeleton is present in their body. They have closed circulatory system, small brain, nervous system and excretory system. They do not have legs. Their body cavity is filled with coelom. Their size range from 1 mm to 3 m. They are found in various habitats like in soil, at the bottom of the ocean or in fresh waters.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 18, Problem 17TYK

Summary Introduction

To compare: The structure of planarian and earthworm with regard to their: digestive tract, body cavity and the segmentation.

Concept introduction: The Planaria is a flatworm that is included in phylum Platyhelminthes. They have no body cavity as they are flat. They resemble ribbon shape and are about 1mm to 20 m. They have incomplete digestive system. They show bilateral symmetry. Many species of flatworms are parasitic in nature. The flatworms are bilaterally symmetrical animals.

The Earthworm is included in phylum Annelida which is the group of animals that are included in the invertebrates. These are the true segmented worms that have flexible body and no hard skeleton is present in their body. They have closed circulatory system, small brain, nervous system and excretory system. They do not have legs. Their body cavity is filled with coelom. Their size range from 1 mm to 3 m. They are found in various habitats like in soil, at the bottom of the ocean or in fresh waters.

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Answer 4

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Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 18, Problem 17TYK

Summary Introduction