Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 18, Problem 10RQ
Which variable increases the likelihood of allopatric
- lower rate of mutation
- longer distance between divided groups
- increased instances of hybrid formation
- equivalent numbers of individuals in each population
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Outline a method for using apomixis to maintain feminized CannabisAssume apomixis is controlled by a single dominant gene. You can choose the type of apomixis: obligate or facultative, gametophytic or sporophytic. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of your proposed method.
Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 18 - Figure 18.14 Which is most likely to survive,...Ch. 18 - Figure 18.22 If two species eat a different diet...Ch. 18 - Figure 18.23 Which of the following statements is...Ch. 18 - Which scientific concept did Charles Darwin and...Ch. 18 - Which of the following situations will lead to...Ch. 18 - Which description is an example of a phenotype? A...Ch. 18 - Which situation is most likely an example of...Ch. 18 - Which situation would most likely lead to...Ch. 18 - What is the main difference between dispersal and...Ch. 18 - Which variable increases the likelihood of...
Ch. 18 - What is the main difference between autopolyploid...Ch. 18 - Which reproductive combination produces hybrids?...Ch. 18 - Which condition is the basis for a species to be...Ch. 18 - Which situation is not an example of a prezygotic...Ch. 18 - Which term is used to describe the continued...Ch. 18 - Which components of speciation would be least...Ch. 18 - If a person scatters a handful of garden pea plant...Ch. 18 - Why do scientists consider vestigial structures...Ch. 18 - How does the scientific meaning of “theory” differ...Ch. 18 - Explain why the statement that a monkey is more...Ch. 18 - Why do island chains provide ideal conditions for...Ch. 18 - Two species of fish had recently undergone...Ch. 18 - Why can polyploidy individuals lead to speciation...Ch. 18 - What do both rate of speciation models have in...Ch. 18 - Describe a situation where hybrid reproduction...
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