Explanation Calculate entropy from the following equation: S = k ln W ....... ( 1 ) where k = Boltzmann constant ( 1.38 × 10 − 23 J / K ) and W is the number of microstates. The number of microstates can be calculated as follows: W = n ! ( n − r ) ! r ! ........ ( 2 ) where n = number of total particles, r is the number of particles in one flask, and ( n − r ) is the number of particles in the other flask. In given figure, there are 5 particles in only one flask. So, the number of microstates is 1. Substitute the known values in equation (1) to calculate the entropy: S = k ln W = ( 1.38 × 10 − 23 J/K ) ln ( 1 ) = 0 Therefore, the entropy of the state is 0. In given figure, there are 3 particles in one flask and 2 particles in other flask. So, the value of n is 5 and the value of r is 2. Substitute the known values in equation (2) to calculate the number of microstates: W = 5 ! ( 5 − 2 ) ! 2 ! = 5 ! 3 ! 2 ! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 ( 3 × 2 × 1 ) × ( 2 × 1 ) = 10 Substitute the known values in equation (1) to calculate the entropy: S = k ln W = ( 1

Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified MasteringChemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, 4/e

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Chapter 18, Problem 104E

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Interpretation: The entropy of each of the given state is to be calculated and the calculated entropy of the states are to be arranged in their increasing order.

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Chapter 18, Problem 103E

Chapter 18, Problem 105E

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Chapter 18 Solutions

Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified MasteringChemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, 4/e

Ch. 18 - Prob. 1SAQ Ch. 18 - Prob. 2SAQ Ch. 18 - Q3. Arrange the gases—F2, Ar, and CH3F—in order of...Ch. 18 - Q4. Calculate the change in entropy that occurs in...Ch. 18 - Q5. A reaction has a ΔHrxn = 54.2 kJ. Calculate...Ch. 18 - Prob. 6SAQ Ch. 18 - Q7. Use standard entropies to calculate for the...Ch. 18 - Q8. Use standard free energies of formation to...Ch. 18 - Q9. Find ΔG$$ for the reaction 2 A + B → 2 C from...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10SAQ

Ch. 18 - Prob. 11SAQ Ch. 18 - Prob. 12SAQ Ch. 18 - Prob. 13SAQ Ch. 18 - Prob. 14SAQ Ch. 18 - Prob. 15SAQ Ch. 18 - Prob. 16SAQ Ch. 18 - 1. What is the first law of thermodynamics, and...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2E Ch. 18 - 3. What is a perpetual motion machine? Can such a...Ch. 18 - 4. Is it more efficient to heat your home with a...Ch. 18 - 5. What is a spontaneous process? Provide an...Ch. 18 - Prob. 6E Ch. 18 - Prob. 7E Ch. 18 - Prob. 8E Ch. 18 - Prob. 9E Ch. 18 - Prob. 10E Ch. 18 - Prob. 11E Ch. 18 - Prob. 12E Ch. 18 - Prob. 13E Ch. 18 - Prob. 14E Ch. 18 - Prob. 15E Ch. 18 - 16. Predict the spontaneity of a reaction (and the...Ch. 18 - 17. State the third law of thermodynamics and...Ch. 18 - 18. Why is the standard entropy of a substance in...Ch. 18 - Prob. 19E Ch. 18 - Prob. 20E Ch. 18 - 21. What are three different methods to calculate...Ch. 18 - Prob. 22E Ch. 18 - Prob. 23E Ch. 18 - Prob. 24E Ch. 18 - Prob. 25E Ch. 18 - Prob. 26E Ch. 18 - 27. Which of these processes is spontaneous? a....Ch. 18 - 28. Which of these processes are nonspontaneous?...Ch. 18 - 29. Two systems, each composed of two particles...Ch. 18 - 30. Two systems, each composed of three particles...Ch. 18 - 31. Calculate the change in entropy that occurs in...Ch. 18 - 32. Calculate the change in entropy that occurs in...Ch. 18 - 33. Calculate the change in entropy that occurs in...Ch. 18 - 34. Calculate the change in entropy that occurs in...Ch. 18 - 35. Without doing any calculations, determine the...Ch. 18 - 36. Without doing any calculations, determine the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 37E Ch. 18 - 38. Without doing any calculations, determine the...Ch. 18 - 39. Calculate ΔSsurr at the indicated temperature...Ch. 18 - Prob. 40E Ch. 18 - 41. Given the values of ΔH$$, ΔS$$, and T,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 42E Ch. 18 - 43. Calculate the change in Gibbs free energy for...Ch. 18 - 44. Calculate the change in Gibbs free energy for...Ch. 18 - 45. Calculate the free energy change for this...Ch. 18 - Prob. 46E Ch. 18 - Prob. 47E Ch. 18 - Prob. 48E Ch. 18 - Prob. 49E Ch. 18 - 50. What is the molar entropy of a pure crystal at...Ch. 18 - Prob. 51E Ch. 18 - 52. For each pair of substances, choose the one...Ch. 18 - 53. Rank each set of substances in order of...Ch. 18 - 54. Rank each set of substances in order of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 55E Ch. 18 - Prob. 56E Ch. 18 - Prob. 57E Ch. 18 - Prob. 58E Ch. 18 - Prob. 59E Ch. 18 - Prob. 60E Ch. 18 - Prob. 61E Ch. 18 - 62. For each reaction, calculate , , and at 25 °C...Ch. 18 - 63. Use standard free energies of formation to...Ch. 18 - 64. Use standard free energies of formation to...Ch. 18 - 65. Consider the reaction: 2 NO(g) + O2(g) → 2...Ch. 18 - Prob. 66E Ch. 18 - 67. Determine ΔG° for the reaction: Fe2O3(s) + 3...Ch. 18 - 68. Calculate for the reaction: CaCO3(s) → CaO(s)...Ch. 18 - 69. Consider the sublimation of iodine at 25.0 °C...Ch. 18 - 70. Consider the evaporation of methanol at 25.0...Ch. 18 - 71. Consider the reaction: CH3OH(g) CO(g) + 2...Ch. 18 - Prob. 72E Ch. 18 - Prob. 73E Ch. 18 - Prob. 74E Ch. 18 - Prob. 75E Ch. 18 - Prob. 76E Ch. 18 - 77. Estimate the value of the equilibrium constant...Ch. 18 - 78. Estimate the value of the equilibrium constant...Ch. 18 - 79. Consider the reaction: H2(g) + I2(g) 2...Ch. 18 - Prob. 80E Ch. 18 - 81. The change in enthalpy () for a reaction is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 82E Ch. 18 - 83. Determine the sign of ΔSsys for each...Ch. 18 - 84. Determine the sign of ΔSsys for each...Ch. 18 - 85. Our atmosphere is composed primarily of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 86E Ch. 18 - 87. Ethene (C2H4) can be halogenated by the...Ch. 18 - 88. H2 reacts with the halogens (X2) according to...Ch. 18 - 89. Consider this reaction occurring at 298...Ch. 18 - 90. Consider this reaction occurring at 298...Ch. 18 - Prob. 91E Ch. 18 - Prob. 92E Ch. 18 - 93. These reactions are important in catalytic...Ch. 18 - Prob. 94E Ch. 18 - Prob. 95E Ch. 18 - Prob. 96E Ch. 18 - 97. Consider the reaction X2(g) → 2 X(g). When a...Ch. 18 - 98. Dinitrogen tetroxide decomposes to nitrogen...Ch. 18 - 99. Indicate and explain the sign of ΔSuniv for...Ch. 18 - Prob. 100E Ch. 18 - Prob. 101E Ch. 18 - Prob. 102E Ch. 18 - Prob. 103E Ch. 18 - Prob. 104E Ch. 18 - Prob. 105E Ch. 18 - Prob. 106E Ch. 18 - Prob. 107E Ch. 18 - 108. The salt ammonium nitrate can follow three...Ch. 18 - 109. Given the data, calculate ΔSvap for each of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 110E Ch. 18 - Prob. 111E Ch. 18 - Prob. 112E Ch. 18 - Prob. 113E Ch. 18 - 114. Which statement is true? a. A reaction in...Ch. 18 - Prob. 115E Ch. 18 - Prob. 116E Ch. 18 - Prob. 117E Ch. 18 - Prob. 118QGW Ch. 18 - Prob. 119QGW Ch. 18 - 120. Not all processes in which the system...Ch. 18 - Prob. 121QGW Ch. 18 - Prob. 122QGW Ch. 18 - Prob. 123DIA

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