a) Interpretation: The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3 0 alcohol given to 3 0 alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed. Concept introduction: Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide. To propose: The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3 0 alcohol given to 3 0 alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

Question

The number of microstates corresponding to each macrostate is given by N. The dominant macrostate or configuration of a system is the macrostate with the greatest weight W. Are both statements correct?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 30MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 30MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 30MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 30MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

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Answer 5

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 30MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

Answer 6

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 30MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

Answer 7

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 30MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HBr involving two cationic intermediates.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols get protonated in the presence of strong acids. The protonated intermediate will lose a molecule of water to yield a carbocation. The nucleophilic attack by the halide ion will lead to the formation of the alkyl halide.

To propose:

The complete mechanism for the conversion of 3⁰ alcohol given to 3⁰ alkyl halide by treating with HCl involving two cationic intermediates.

Answer 12

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Answer 17

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Answer 23

Ch. 17.1 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 2P Ch. 17.2 - The following data for isomeric four-carbon...Ch. 17.2 - Rank the following substances in order of...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 5P Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 17.4 - What reagent would you use to accomplish each of...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 9P Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author proposes the complete mechanism for the conversion of 3 0 alcohol given to 3 1 alkyl halide by treating with HCl.

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Chapter 17 Solutions