Chapter 17.1, Problem 17.2P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Oxidation number of $\text{N}$ in ${\text{NH}}_4^{+}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation process represents loss of electrons. Reduction process represents gain of electrons. Oxidation numbers are the part of system that is formed to track of electrons in reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Oxidation number of $\text{Cr}$ in ${\text{Cr}}_2{\text{O}}_7^{2-}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Oxidation number of $\text{P}$ in ${\text{PO}}_4^{3-}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).