Chemical Principles
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781337247269
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl; Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 72E
Erythrocytes are red blood cells containing hemoglobin.In a saline solution they shrivel when the salt concentrationis high and swell when the salt concentration is low.In a 25°C aqueous solution of NaCl, whose freezingpoint is 20.406°C, erythrocytes neither swell nor shrink.If we want to calculate the osmotic pressure of the solutioninside the erythrocytes under these conditions, whatdo we need to assume? Why? Estimate how good (orpoor) of an assumption this is. Make this assumptionand calculate the osmotic pressure of the solution insidethe erythrocytes.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 17 Solutions
Chemical Principles
Ch. 17 - Prob. 1DQCh. 17 - Consider Fig. 17.8. Suppose that instead of having...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3DQCh. 17 - Prob. 4DQCh. 17 - Prob. 5DQCh. 17 - Prob. 6DQCh. 17 - Prob. 7DQCh. 17 - Prob. 8DQCh. 17 - Prob. 9DQCh. 17 - Prob. 10DQ
Ch. 17 - Prob. 11DQCh. 17 - Prob. 12ECh. 17 - Prob. 13ECh. 17 - Prob. 14ECh. 17 - Prob. 15ECh. 17 - Prob. 16ECh. 17 - Prob. 17ECh. 17 - Prob. 18ECh. 17 - Prob. 19ECh. 17 - Prob. 20ECh. 17 - Prob. 21ECh. 17 - Prob. 22ECh. 17 - Prob. 23ECh. 17 - Prob. 24ECh. 17 - Prob. 25ECh. 17 - Prob. 26ECh. 17 - Prob. 27ECh. 17 - Prob. 28ECh. 17 - Prob. 29ECh. 17 - Prob. 30ECh. 17 - Prob. 31ECh. 17 - Prob. 32ECh. 17 - Prob. 33ECh. 17 - Prob. 34ECh. 17 - Prob. 35ECh. 17 - Prob. 36ECh. 17 - Prob. 37ECh. 17 - Prob. 38ECh. 17 - Prob. 39ECh. 17 - Prob. 40ECh. 17 - Rationalize the temperature dependence of the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 42ECh. 17 - Prob. 43ECh. 17 - Prob. 44ECh. 17 - Prob. 45ECh. 17 - Prob. 46ECh. 17 - Prob. 47ECh. 17 - Prob. 48ECh. 17 - Prob. 49ECh. 17 - Prob. 50ECh. 17 - Prob. 51ECh. 17 - Prob. 52ECh. 17 - Prob. 53ECh. 17 - Prob. 54ECh. 17 - Prob. 55ECh. 17 - Prob. 56ECh. 17 - The following plot shows the vapor pressure of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 58ECh. 17 - Prob. 59ECh. 17 - Prob. 60ECh. 17 - Prob. 61ECh. 17 - Prob. 62ECh. 17 - Prob. 63ECh. 17 - Prob. 64ECh. 17 - Prob. 65ECh. 17 - Prob. 66ECh. 17 - Prob. 67ECh. 17 - An aqueous solution of 10.00 g of catalase, an...Ch. 17 - Prob. 69ECh. 17 - What volume of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) , a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 71ECh. 17 - Erythrocytes are red blood cells containing...Ch. 17 - Prob. 73ECh. 17 - Prob. 74ECh. 17 - Prob. 75ECh. 17 - Prob. 76ECh. 17 - Prob. 77ECh. 17 - Prob. 78ECh. 17 - Prob. 79ECh. 17 - Prob. 80ECh. 17 - Consider the following solutions: 0.010 m Na3PO4...Ch. 17 - From the following: pure water solution of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 83ECh. 17 - Prob. 84ECh. 17 - Prob. 85ECh. 17 - Prob. 86ECh. 17 - Prob. 87ECh. 17 - Prob. 88ECh. 17 - Prob. 89ECh. 17 - Prob. 90ECh. 17 - Prob. 91ECh. 17 - Prob. 92ECh. 17 - Prob. 93AECh. 17 - Prob. 94AECh. 17 - Prob. 95AECh. 17 - Prob. 96AECh. 17 - The term proof is defined as twice the percent by...Ch. 17 - Prob. 98AECh. 17 - Prob. 99AECh. 17 - Prob. 100AECh. 17 - Prob. 101AECh. 17 - Prob. 102AECh. 17 - Prob. 103AECh. 17 - Prob. 104AECh. 17 - Prob. 105AECh. 17 - Prob. 106AECh. 17 - Prob. 107AECh. 17 - Prob. 108AECh. 17 - Prob. 109AECh. 17 - Prob. 110AECh. 17 - Prob. 111AECh. 17 - Prob. 112AECh. 17 - Prob. 113AECh. 17 - Prob. 114AECh. 17 - Formic acid (HCO2H) is a monoprotic acid that...Ch. 17 - Prob. 116AECh. 17 - Prob. 117AECh. 17 - Prob. 118AECh. 17 - Prob. 119AECh. 17 - Prob. 120AECh. 17 - Prob. 121AECh. 17 - Prob. 122AECh. 17 - Prob. 123AECh. 17 - Prob. 124AECh. 17 - Prob. 125AECh. 17 - Prob. 126AECh. 17 - Prob. 127CPCh. 17 - Prob. 128CPCh. 17 - Prob. 129CPCh. 17 - Plants that thrive in salt water must have...Ch. 17 - Prob. 131CPCh. 17 - Prob. 132CPCh. 17 - Prob. 133CPCh. 17 - Prob. 134CPCh. 17 - Prob. 135CPCh. 17 - Prob. 136CP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Water at 25 C has a density of 0.997 g/cm3. Calculate the molality and molarity of pure water at this temperature.arrow_forwardConsider two solutions, A and B, separated by an osmotic semipermeable membrane that allows only water to pass through, as shown in the diagram in Problem 8-113. Based on each of the following identities for solutions A and B, indicate whether the liquid level in compartment A, with time, will increase, decrease, or not change. a. A = 1.0 M glucose solution and B = 2.0 M glucose solution b. A = 5.0%(m/v) NaCl solution and B = 4.0%(m/v) NaCl solution c. A = 2.0 M Na2SO4 solution and B = 3.0 M KNO3 solution d. A = 2.0 M glucose solution and B = 1.0 M NaCl solutionarrow_forwardBradykinin is a small peptide (9 amino acids; 1060 g/mol) that lowers blood pressure by causing blood vessels to dilate. What is the osmotic pressure of a solution of this protein at 20 C if 0.033 g of the peptide is dissolved in water to give 50.0 mL of solution?arrow_forward
- A CaCl2 solution at 25C has an osmotic pressure of 16 atm and a density of 1.108 g/mL. What is the freezing point of this solution?arrow_forwardVodka is advertised to be 80 proof. That means that the ethanol (C2H5OH) concentration is 40% (two significant figures) by volume. Assuming the density of the solution to be 1.0 g/mL, what is the freezing point of vodka? The density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL.arrow_forwardThe freezing point of a 0.031-m solution of copper(II) sulfate in water is 0.075 C. (a) Calculate the vant Hoff factor, i, for this solution. (b) Would the vant Hoff factor be larger, smaller, or the same for a 0.050-m solution of this compound?arrow_forward
- Erythrocytes are red blood cells containing hemoglobin. In a saline solution they shrivel when the salt concentration is high and swell when the salt concentration is low. In a 25C aqueous solution of NaCl, whose freezing point is 0.406C, erythrocytes neither swell nor shrink. If we want to calculate the osmotic pressure of the solution inside the erythrocytes under these conditions, what do we need to assume? Why? Estimate how good (or poor) of an assumption this is. Make this assumption and calculate the osmotic pressure of the solution inside the erythrocytes.arrow_forwardSolutions Introduced directly into the bloodstream have to be isotonic with blood; that is, they must have the same osmotic pressure as blood. An aqueous NaCl solution has to be 0.90% by mass to be isotonic with blood. What is the molarity of the sodium ions in solution? Take the density of the solution to be 1.00 g/mL.arrow_forward6-111 As noted in Section 6-8C, the amount of external pressure that must be applied to a more concentrated solution to stop the passage of solvent molecules across a semipermeable membrane is known as the osmotic pressure The osmotic pressure obeys a law similar in form to the ideal gas law (discussed in Section 5-4), where Substituting for pressure and solving for osmotic pressures gives the following equation: RT MRT, where M is the concentration or molarity of the solution. (a) Determine the osmotic pressure at 25°C of a 0.0020 M sucrose (C12H22O11) solution. (b) Seawater contains 3.4 g of salts for every liter of solution. Assuming the solute consists entirely of NaCl (and complete dissociation of the NaCI salt), calculate the osmotic pressure of seawater at 25°C. (c) The average osmotic pressure of blood is 7.7 atm at 25°C. What concentration of glucose (C6H12O6) will be isotonic with blood? (d) Lysozyme is an enzyme that breaks bacterial cell walls. A solution containing 0.150 g of this enzyme in 210. mL of solution has an osmotic pressure of 0.953 torr at 25°C. What is the molar mass of lysozyme? (e) The osmotic pressure of an aqueous solution of a certain protein was measured in order to determine the protein's molar mass. The solution contained 3.50 mg of protein dissolved in sufficient water to form 5.00 mL of solution. The osmotic pressure of the solution at 25°C was found to be 1.54 torr. Calculate the molar mass of the protein.arrow_forward
- Calculate the molality of a solution made by dissolving 115.0 g ethylene glycol, HOCH2CH2OH, in 500. mL water. The density of water at this temperature is 0.978 g/mL. Calculate the molarity of the solution.arrow_forwardConsider three test tubes. Tube A has pure water. Tube B has an aqueous 1.0 m solution of ethanol, C2H5OH. Tube C has an aqueous 1.0 m solution of NaCl. Which of the following statements are true? (Assume that for these solutions 1.0m=1.0M.) (a) The vapor pressure of the solvent over tube A is greater than the solvent pressure over tube B. (b) The freezing point of the solution in tube B is higher than the freezing point of the solution in tube A. (c) The freezing point of the solution in tube B is higher than the freezing point of the solution in tube C. (d) The boiling point of the solution in tube B is higher than the boiling point of the solution in tube C. (e) The osmotic pressure of the solution in tube B is greater than the osmotic pressure of the solution in tube C.arrow_forwardYou have two aqueous solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane. One contains 5.85 g of NaCl dissolved in 100. mL of solution, and the other contains 8.88 g of KNO3 dissolved in 100. mL of solution. In which direction will solvent flow: from the NaCl solution to the KNO3 solution, or from KNO3 to NaCl? Explain briefly.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079243
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079373
Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Solutions: Crash Course Chemistry #27; Author: Crash Course;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9h2f1Bjr0p4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY