Chapter 17, Problem 23CR

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for the given sparingly soluble substance is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The solubility product is represented by ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$. The solubility product describes the solubility of the solid substance in the solvent at the particular temperature. The high value of solubility product indicates that the substance will be more soluble in water, whereas the low value of solubility product is the indication of the low solubility of the solid in the solvent.

Answer to Problem 23CR

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for $\text{Cu}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}=\left[{\text{Cu}}^{2+}\right]{\left[{\text{OH}}^{-}\right]}^2$.

Explanation of Solution

The given sparingly soluble substance is $\text{Cu}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{s}\right)$. On dissolution in water, salts dissociate to form metallic cations and hydroxide anions. The dissociation reaction of $\text{Cu}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

$\text{Cu}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{s}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{Cu}}^{2+}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)+2{\text{OH}}^{-}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)$

According to the law of chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium expression for $\text{Cu}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}=\left[{\text{Cu}}^{2+}\right]{\left[{\text{OH}}^{-}\right]}^2$

The salt, $\text{Cu}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is not included in the equilibrium expression because it is a pure solid.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for the given sparingly soluble substance is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The solubility product is represented by ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$. The solubility product describes the solubility of the solid substance in the solvent at the particular temperature. The high value of solubility product indicates that the substance will be more soluble in water, whereas the low value of solubility product is the indication of the low solubility of the solid in the solvent.

Answer to Problem 23CR

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for ${\text{Co}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}={\left[{\text{Co}}^{3+}\right]}^2{\left[{\text{S}}^{2-}\right]}^3$.

Explanation of Solution

The given sparingly soluble substance is ${\text{Co}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)$. On dissolution in water, salts dissociate to form metallic cations and hydroxide anions. The dissociation reaction of ${\text{Co}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{Co}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)\rightleftharpoons 2{\text{Co}}^{3+}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)+3{\text{S}}^{2-}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)$

According to the law of chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium expression for ${\text{Co}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}={\left[{\text{Co}}^{3+}\right]}^2{\left[{\text{S}}^{2-}\right]}^3$

The salt, ${\text{Co}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is not included in the equilibrium expression because it is a pure solid.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for the given sparingly soluble substance is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The solubility product is represented by ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$. The solubility product describes the solubility of the solid substance in the solvent at the particular temperature. The high value of solubility product indicates that the substance will be more soluble in water, whereas the low value of solubility product is the indication of the low solubility of the solid in the solvent.

Answer to Problem 23CR

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for ${\text{Hg}}_{\text{2}}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}={\left[{\text{Hg}}^{+}\right]}^2{\left[{\text{OH}}^{-}\right]}^2$.

Explanation of Solution

The given sparingly soluble substance is ${\text{Hg}}_{\text{2}}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)$. On dissolution in water, salts dissociate to form metallic cations and hydroxide anions. The dissociation reaction of ${\text{Hg}}_{\text{2}}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{Hg}}_{\text{2}}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)\rightleftharpoons 2{\text{Hg}}^{+}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)+2{\text{OH}}^{-}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)$

According to the law of chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium expression for ${\text{Hg}}_{\text{2}}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}={\left[{\text{Hg}}^{+}\right]}^2{\left[{\text{OH}}^{-}\right]}^2$

The salt, ${\text{Hg}}_{\text{2}}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)$ is not included in the equilibrium expression because it is a pure solid.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for the given sparingly soluble substance is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The solubility product is represented by ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$. The solubility product describes the solubility of the solid substance in the solvent at the particular temperature. The high value of solubility product indicates that the substance will be more soluble in water, whereas the low value of solubility product is the indication of the low solubility of the solid in the solvent.

Answer to Problem 23CR

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{Ca}}^{2+}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)+{\text{CO}}_3^{2-}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)$.

Explanation of Solution

The given sparingly soluble substance is ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)$. On dissolution in water, salts dissociate to form metallic cations and hydroxide anions. The dissociation reaction of ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{Ca}}^{2+}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)+{\text{CO}}_3^{2-}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)$

According to the law of chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium expression for ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}=\left[{\text{Ca}}^{2+}\right]\left[{\text{CO}}_3^{2-}\right]$

The salt, ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)$ is not included in the equilibrium expression because it is a pure solid.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for the given sparingly soluble substance is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The solubility product is represented by ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$. The solubility product describes the solubility of the solid substance in the solvent at the particular temperature. The high value of solubility product indicates that the substance will be more soluble in water, whereas the low value of solubility product is the indication of the low solubility of the solid in the solvent.

Answer to Problem 23CR

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for ${\text{Ag}}_2{\text{CrO}}_4\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}={\left[{\text{Ag}}^{+}\right]}^2\left[{\text{CrO}}_4^{2-}\right]$.

Explanation of Solution

The given sparingly soluble substance is ${\text{Ag}}_2{\text{CrO}}_4\left(\text{s}\right)$. On dissolution in water, salts dissociate to form metallic cations and hydroxide anions. The dissociation reaction of ${\text{Ag}}_2{\text{CrO}}_4\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{Ag}}_2{\text{CrO}}_4\left(\text{s}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{2Ag}}^{+}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)+{\text{CrO}}_4^{2-}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)$

According to the law of chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium expression for ${\text{Ag}}_2{\text{CrO}}_4\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}={\left[{\text{Ag}}^{+}\right]}^2\left[{\text{CrO}}_4^{2-}\right]$

The salt, ${\text{Ag}}_2{\text{CrO}}_4\left(\text{s}\right)$ is not included in the equilibrium expression because it is a pure solid.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for the given sparingly soluble substance is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The solubility product is represented by ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$. The solubility product describes the solubility of the solid substance in the solvent at the particular temperature. The high value of solubility product indicates that the substance will be more soluble in water, whereas the low value of solubility product is the indication of the low solubility of the solid in the solvent.

Answer to Problem 23CR

The expression of ${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}$ for $\text{Hg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

$\text{Hg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{Hg}}^{2+}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)+2{\text{OH}}^{-}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)$.

Explanation of Solution

The given sparingly soluble substance is $\text{Hg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)$. On dissolution in water, salts dissociate to form metallic cations and hydroxide anions. The dissociation reaction of $\text{Hg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

$\text{Hg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{Hg}}^{2+}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)+2{\text{OH}}^{-}\left(\text{a}\text{q}\right)$

According to the law of chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium expression for $\text{Hg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)$ is,

${\text{K}}_{\text{sp}}=\left[{\text{Hg}}^{2+}\right]{\left[{\text{OH}}^{-}\right]}^2$

The salt, $\text{Hg}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_2\left(\text{s}\right)$ is not included in the equilibrium expression because it is a pure solid.