Biology of Plants
Biology of Plants
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781429219617
Author: Evert, Ray F./
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 17, Problem 1CP
Summary Introduction

To determine: The pivotal steps in the early history of plant evolution contributed to the success of vascular plants in their occupation of the land.

Introduction: Vascular plants are defined as any plants that exhibit xylem and phloem, the vascular tissues. The vascular plants are composed of all seed-bearing plants, such as gymnosperm and angiosperm and the pteridophytes, such as ferns, horsetails, and lycophytes.

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The pivotal steps in the early history of plant evolution contributed to the success of vascular plants in their occupation of the land are as follows:

  • Sporophytes of vascular plants are more prominent than gametophytes and are ultimately free living.
  • In the early history of plants, the evolution of essential fluid-conducting systems having xylem and phloem essential to resolve the water problems and food transport throughout the body parts.
  • The ability of lignin synthesis, incorporated into the cell walls of supporting and water-conducting cells.
  • The belowground and aboveground parts of the sporophytes of early vascular plants diverged from one another structurally, but eventually, the ancient vascular plants developed to more specialized plants with highly differentiated plant body.
  • Finally, the seeds are evolved in the evolutionary line that provides the embryonic sporophyte with nutrients. This also protects it from the rigors of life on land.

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