Chapter 17, Problem 17.85P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given reactions are

For Nickel, the sulfide ore is roasted in air:

  ${\text{Ni}}_{\text{3}}{\text{S}}_{\text{2(s)}}{\text{+ O}}_{\text{2(g)}}\rightleftharpoons {\text{NiO}}_{\text{(s)}}{\text{+ SO}}_{\text{2(g)}}$

The metal oxide is reduced by the ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ in water gas (${\text{CO+H}}_{\text{2}}$) to impure $\text{Ni}$:

  ${\text{NiO}}_{\text{(s)}}{\text{+ H}}_{\text{2(g)}}\rightleftharpoons {\text{Ni}}_{\text{(s)}}{\text{+ H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(g)}}$

The $\text{CO}$ in water gas then reacts with the metal in the Mond process to form gaseous nickel carbonyl which is subsequently decomposed to the metal.

  ${\text{Ni}}_{\text{(s)}}{\text{+ CO}}_{\text{(g)}}\rightleftharpoons {\text{Ni(CO)}}_{\text{4(g)}}$

The given three steps have to be balanced and overall balanced equation for the conversion of ${\text{Ni}}_{\text{3}}{\text{S}}_{\text{2}}{\text{ to Ni(CO)}}_{\text{4}}$ has to be obtained.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The overall $Q_{\text{c}}$ is the product of the $Q_{\text{c}}$’s for the individual reactions has to be proved.

Concept Introduction:

Reaction quotient:

The ratio of concentration terms for a reaction is known as reaction quotient.  It is denoted by $Q$.  For a reversible reaction of ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}{\text{ to NO}}_{\text{2}}$, the reaction quotient is represented as

  $\begin{array}{l}{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}\left(\text{g}\right)}\rightleftharpoons {\text{2NO}}_{\text{2(g)}}\\ \\ Q_{\text{c}}\text{ = }\frac{{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}\right)}^{\text{2}}}{\left({\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}\right)}\end{array}$