Chapter 17, Problem 17.6PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement “This process is caused by spontaneous hydrolysis of a glycosidic bond” is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA), pyrimidine dimer formation (DF), all of these, or none of these.

Introduction: DNA refers to the genetic material of a cell. DNA is a double stranded structure and each strand is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of four nitrogenous bases which are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine along with a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. Covalent bonds are used to join one nucleotide to the next.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement “This process is induced by ultraviolet light.” is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA), pyrimidine dimer formation (DF), all of these, or none of these.

Introduction: DNA refers to the genetic material of a cell. DNA is a double stranded structure and each strand is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of four nitrogenous bases which are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine along with a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. Covalent bonds are used to join one nucleotide to the next.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement “This can happen to guanine but not to cytosine.” is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA), pyrimidine dimer formation (DF), all of these, or none of these.

Introduction: DNA refers to the genetic material of a cell. DNA is a double stranded structure and each strand is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of four nitrogenous bases which are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine along with a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. Covalent bonds are used to join one nucleotide to the next.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement “This can happen to thymine but not to adenine.” is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA),pyrimidine dimer formation (DF), all of these, or none of these.

Introduction: DNA refers to the genetic material of a cell. DNA is a double stranded structure and each strand is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of four nitrogenous bases which are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine along with a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. Covalent bonds are used to join one nucleotide to the next.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement “This can happen to thymine but not to cytosine.” is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA),pyrimidine dimer formation (DF), all of these, or none of these.

Introduction: DNA refers to the genetic material of a cell. DNA is a double stranded structure and each strand is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of four nitrogenous bases which are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine along with a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. Covalent bonds are used to join one nucleotide to the next.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement “Repair involves a DNA glycosylase.” is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA),pyrimidine dimer formation (DF), all of these, or none of these.

Introduction: DNA refers to the genetic material of a cell. DNA is a double stranded structure and each strand is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of four nitrogenous bases which are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine along with a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. Covalent bonds are used to join one nucleotide to the next.

(g)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement “Repair involves an endonuclease.” is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA), pyrimidine dimer formation (DF), all of these, or none of these.

Introduction: DNA refers to the genetic material of a cell. DNA is a double stranded structure and each strand is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of four nitrogenous bases which are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine along with a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. Covalent bonds are used to join one nucleotide to the next.

(h)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement “Repair involves DNA ligase.” is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA), pyrimidine dimer formation (DF), all of these, or none of these.

Introduction: DNA refers to the genetic material of a cell. DNA is a double stranded structure and each strand is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of four nitrogenous bases which are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine along with a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. Covalent bonds are used to join one nucleotide to the next.

(i)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement “Repair depends on the existence of separate copies of the genetic information in the two strands of the double helix.” is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA),pyrimidine dimer formation (DF), all of these, or none of these.

Introduction: DNA refers to the genetic material of a cell. DNA is a double stranded structure and each strand is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of four nitrogenous bases which are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine along with a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. Covalent bonds are used to join one nucleotide to the next.

(j)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement “Repair depends on the cleavage of both strands of the double helix.” is true of depurination (DP), deamination (DA),pyrimidine dimer formation (DF), all of these, or none of these.

Introduction: DNA refers to the genetic material of a cell. DNA is a double stranded structure and each strand is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of four nitrogenous bases which are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine along with a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. Covalent bonds are used to join one nucleotide to the next.