The major product of the given reaction is to be predicted. Concept introduction: Nucleophiles can attack an α,β -unsaturated carbonyl at two positions – at the nitrile carbon itself or at the β -carbon. The attack by the nucleophile at the nitrile carbon is called 1, 2- or direct addition because after protonation, the species get added to adjacent atoms. The attack at the β -carbon, on the other hand, is called 1, 4- or conjugate addition. After protonation, two species get added to the atoms separated by three bonds. Whether direct or conjugate addition takes place depends in large part on whether the nucleophile adds to the nitrile carbon reversibly or irreversibly. This, in turn, depends on the type of the nucleophile. Lithium dialkylcuprates, R 2 CuLi , can be simplified as the nucleophilic species R − .

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 17, Problem 17.27P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product of the given reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophiles can attack an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl at two positions – at the nitrile carbon itself or at the β-carbon. The attack by the nucleophile at the nitrile carbon is called 1, 2- or direct addition because after protonation, the species get added to adjacent atoms. The attack at the β-carbon, on the other hand, is called 1, 4- or conjugate addition. After protonation, two species get added to the atoms separated by three bonds. Whether direct or conjugate addition takes place depends in large part on whether the nucleophile adds to the nitrile carbon reversibly or irreversibly. This, in turn, depends on the type of the nucleophile. Lithium dialkylcuprates, R2CuLi, can be simplified as the nucleophilic species R−.

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 17, Problem 17.27P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product of the given reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophiles can attack an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl at two positions – at the nitrile carbon itself or at the β-carbon. The attack by the nucleophile at the nitrile carbon is called 1, 2- or direct addition because after protonation, the species get added to adjacent atoms. The attack at the β-carbon, on the other hand, is called 1, 4- or conjugate addition. After protonation, two species get added to the atoms separated by three bonds. Whether direct or conjugate addition takes place depends in large part on whether the nucleophile adds to the nitrile carbon reversibly or irreversibly. This, in turn, depends on the type of the nucleophile. Lithium dialkylcuprates, R2CuLi, can be simplified as the nucleophilic species R−.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 17, Problem 17.27P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product of the given reaction is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophiles can attack an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl at two positions – at the nitrile carbon itself or at the β-carbon. The attack by the nucleophile at the nitrile carbon is called 1, 2- or direct addition because after protonation, the species get added to adjacent atoms. The attack at the β-carbon, on the other hand, is called 1, 4- or conjugate addition. After protonation, two species get added to the atoms separated by three bonds. Whether direct or conjugate addition takes place depends in large part on whether the nucleophile adds to the nitrile carbon reversibly or irreversibly. This, in turn, depends on the type of the nucleophile. Lithium dialkylcuprates, R2CuLi, can be simplified as the nucleophilic species R−.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 17, Problem 17.27P

Interpretation Introduction