PRESCOTT'S MICROBIO W/PROCTORIO
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781264731060
Author: WILLEY
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16.7, Problem 1MI
According to this model, what would happen if DNA that lacked homology to the S. pneumoniae chromosome were taken into the cell?
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Assume that there are horizontal gene transfers between two completely different bacterial species. In one case it is a plasmid that is transmitted via conjugation, in the other case it is it is a part of the bacterial chromosome that is transferred via transformation. In which of the two cases is it likely that the transferred DNA will be present? left and can function in the recipient cells? Explain the biological background to your answer
Suppose the experiment of Meselson and Stahl was performed on a sample of 8 cells, each containing one copy of its circular double-stranded DNA genome, and that had been growing on normal 14N medium. You then grew the cells for 3 generations in medium containing 15N. The outcome would be
A) 8 cells with single-stranded DNA molecules with 14N, and 24 cells with single-stranded DNA molecules with 15N. B) 16 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with equal amounts of 14N and 15N, and 48 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with 15N. C) 8 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with equal amounts of 14N and 15N, and 24 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with 15N. D) 8 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with equal amounts of 14N and 15N, and 32 cells with double-stranded DNA molecules with 15N. E) 65 cells with single-stranded DNA molecules with 15N.
In transformation, a bacterial cell takes up DNA fragments from its surroundings. The figure shows the process of natural
transformation. Position the labels below with the correct images.
(A) Donor and recipient genomes
The donor strand is integrated
into the recipient
chromosome and the displaced
bacterial DNA is degraded.
A wild-type donor cell is in the
vicinity of a double auxotroph. If
the wild-type cell lyses, it
releases DNA into the
environment.
One cell is identical to the
original recipient, while the other
carries the wild-type genes.
A competent recipient cells a
receptor site on its surface.
One strand of donor DNA enters the
cell and pairs with a homologous
region of the bacterial chromosome
The remaining DNA strand is
degraded.
A donor DNA strand binds to the
receptor site.
Reset
trpC1
Wild-type donor cell
Mechanism of natural transformation
Donor DNA
hal
Receptor site-
trpc/his double auxotroph
Recipient cell
Competent cell recipient
-Bacterial chromosome
(had.bpC")
Ma…
Chapter 16 Solutions
PRESCOTT'S MICROBIO W/PROCTORIO
Ch. 16.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply List three ways in which...Ch. 16.1 - Compare and contrast the means by which the...Ch. 16.1 - Give examples of intragenic and extragenic...Ch. 16.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Sometimes a point mutation...Ch. 16.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Why might a missense...Ch. 16.2 - How would you screen for a tryptophan auxotroph?...Ch. 16.2 - Why is a small amount of histidine added to the...Ch. 16.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Describe how replica...Ch. 16.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Why are mutant selection...Ch. 16.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Briefly discuss how...
Ch. 16.2 - Describe how you would isolate a mutant that...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 16.3 - How is mismatch repair similar to DNA polymerase...Ch. 16.3 - How is damaged DNA recognized by the UvrAB...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.3 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply What role does DNA...Ch. 16.3 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply When E. coli cells are...Ch. 16.3 - Explain how the following DNA alterations and...Ch. 16.4 - An antibiotic-resistance gene located on a...Ch. 16.4 - What four fates can DNA have after entering a...Ch. 16.4 - How does homologous recombination differ from...Ch. 16.5 - What features are common to all types of...Ch. 16.5 - How does a transposon differ from an insertion...Ch. 16.5 - What is simple (cut-and-paste) transposition? What...Ch. 16.5 - What effect would you expect the existence of...Ch. 16.6 - Prob. 1MICh. 16.6 - What is bacterial conjugation and how was it...Ch. 16.6 - For F+, Hfr, and F strains of E. coli, indicate...Ch. 16.6 - Describe how F+ F and Hfr conjugation processes...Ch. 16.6 - Compare and contract F+ F and F F conjugation.Ch. 16.7 - According to this model, what would happen if DNA...Ch. 16.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.7 - Describe how transformation occurs in S....Ch. 16.7 - Discuss two ways in which artificial...Ch. 16.8 - Compare the number of transducing particles that...Ch. 16.8 - Why cant the gal and bio genes be transduced by...Ch. 16.8 - Describe generalized transduction and how it...Ch. 16.8 - What is specialized transduction and how does it...Ch. 16.8 - How might one tell whether horizontal gene...Ch. 16.8 - Why doesnt a cell lyse after successful...Ch. 16.8 - Describe how conjugation, transformation, and...Ch. 16.9 - As a replicative transposon, what would happen if...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1RCCh. 16 - Prob. 2RCCh. 16 - Prob. 3RCCh. 16 - Prob. 4RCCh. 16 - Prob. 5RCCh. 16 - Prob. 6RCCh. 16 - Mutations are often considered harmful. Give an...Ch. 16 - Mistakes made during transcription affect the cell...Ch. 16 - Suppose that transduction took place when a U-tube...Ch. 16 - Suppose that you carried out a U-tube experiment...Ch. 16 - Prob. 5ALCh. 16 - Prob. 6ALCh. 16 - Prob. 7AL
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- To be able to recognize a colony of bacteria that had grown from cells of Mycoplasma capricolum in which the DNA had been replaced by a synthetic DNA of Mycoplasma mycoides, Daniel Gibson added a that coded for a blue pigment. (a) cell (b) chromosome (c) gene (d) bacteriumarrow_forwardSelect the true statements: A.) It is possible, through genetic engineering, to fuse a fluorescent molecule (example GFP) with a non-fluorescent protein to create a fluorescent fusion protein. B.) Proteins are created during gene transcription. C.) It is possible to observe a fluorescent protein immediately after the plasmid coding for this protein is introduced into a cell. D.) The plasma coding for a fluorescent protein is also fluorescent. E.) It is possible to obtain a different color fluorescent fusion protein by replacing the sequence coding for the fluorescent protein in the plasmid for a sequence coding for a fluorescent protein by a different color sequence.arrow_forwardIt is desired to isolate genomic DNA from liquid culture of S. cerevisiae yeast. A commercial kit will be used to isolate genomic DNA from this liquid culture. Answer the following questions to understand the strategy used by commercial kits for genomic DNA isolation. a) List all the steps from cell pellet preparation to DNA elution. b) With which feature can the membrane in the column that comes with the commercial kit bind DNA? c) Which component in the kit would you use to recover the DNA from the membrane of the column to which the DNA was attached?arrow_forward
- 35. If radioactive thymidine were introduced into the growth medium of actively dividing cells, it would be incorporated into the DNA molecule ... a) during the G1 phase when the cell does most of its growth. b) during S phase. c) as the cell passes the G1 Restriction Point. d) when centromeres split so the two chromosomes can be separated. e) at any point in the cell cycle.arrow_forwardWith respect to F+ and F- bacterial matings, answer the following questions: (a) How was it established that physical contact between cells was necessary? (b) How was it established that chromosome transfer was unidirectional? (c) What is the genetic basis for a bacterium’s being F+?arrow_forwardWith respect to F+ and F- bacterial matings, (a) How was it established that physical contact was necessary? (b) How was it established that chromosome transfer was unidirectional? (c) What is the genetic basis of a bacterium being F+?arrow_forward
- If the recipient cell did not already have a lys− gene, could the lys+ DNA become incorporated into the bacterial chromosome? Explain.arrow_forward(a) Discuss the role of chromosomal islands in microbial diversity. (b) State three reasons why chromosomal islands are presumed to be of "foreign" origin.arrow_forwardPlease take a look at the attachment. I'm looking for the formulaarrow_forward
- Below is a diagram of the general structure of the bacteriophagel chromosome. Speculate on the mechanism by which it forms aclosed ring upon infection of the host cell. 5'GGGCGGCGACCT:double@stranded region-3' 3'- double@stranded region:CCCGCCGCTGGA5'arrow_forwardDescribe the structure of a bacterial genome, and explain how it differs from a eukaryotic genome. Explain what a plasmid is, and describe the role of plasmids in the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. Explain how bidirectional semiconservative DNA replication copies the circular chromosome of a bacterium during cell division. Explain the steps of replication by DNA polymerase, including initiation, elongation, and termination. Explain the different kinds of mutations and how they occur.arrow_forwardThe rate at which large DNA fragments move through the electrophoretic gel is ________ the rate at which small DNA fragments move through the same apparatus. a) Less than b) Greater than c) The same as d) None of the above After TRIZOL extraction and centrifugation, your tube looks like this. Which fraction should you collect if you want the RNA? a) “Cloudy”-looking interphase b) The aqueous phase c) The organic phase d) Everything except the organic phase How many different bases are associated with RNA? a) 5 b) 4 c) 3 d) 6arrow_forward
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