(a) Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted. Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl 3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 16.5, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

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Please choose the best reagents to complete the following reaction

Problem 6-17 Look at the following energy diagram: Energy Reaction progress (a) Is AG for the reaction positive or negative? Label it on the diagram. (b) How many steps are involved in the reaction? (c) How many transition states are there? Label them on the diagram. Problem 6-19 What is the difference between a transition state and an intermediate? Problem 6-21 Draw an energy diagram for a two-step reaction with Keq > 1. Label the overall AG°, transition states, and intermediate. Is AG° positive or negative? Problem 6-23 Draw an energy diagram for a reaction with Keq = 1. What is the value of AG° in this reaction?

Problem 6-37 Draw the different monochlorinated constitutional isomers you would obtain by the radical chlorination of the following compounds. (b) (c) Problem 6-39 Show the structure of the carbocation that would result when each of the following alkenes reacts with an acid, H+. (a) (b) (c)

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 16.5, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 16.5, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 16.5, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

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Answer 5

Chapter 16.5, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Answer 6

Chapter 16.5, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Answer 7

Chapter 16.5, Problem 6P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The acid chloride which is needed to prepare the given ketones from benzene using a Friedel-Craft acylation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: The Friedel-Craft acylation is a type of electrophilic substitution reaction. AlCl3 is used as Lewis acid which ionizes the carbon-halogen bond of the acid chloride and forms a positively charged carbon electrophile which is resonance stabilized. Then the electrophile reacts with benzene.

Answer 12

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Answer 15

Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 3P Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 4P Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 5P Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 6P Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 9P Ch. 16.5 - Problem 18.9 Draw the product of each reaction a....Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 11P Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 12P

Solution Summary: The author explains the reaction of benzene with an acid chloride to form the required ketone using a Friedel-Craft acylation.

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Chapter 16 Solutions