Essential University Physics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134988559
Author: Wolfson, Richard
Publisher: Pearson Education,
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Chapter 16.3, Problem 16.3GI
The figure shows three slabs with the same thickness but different thermal
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At "low" temperatures, the heat capacity of some materials varies with temperature as
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12π¹ NkB
T
C (T)
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Here N is the number of atoms, kB is Boltzmann's constant, and Tp is the "Debye temperature," which is different for different materials. For example,
2300 K for diamond, which is particularly high.
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How much energy would it take to raise the temperature of one mole of diamond from 100 K to 300K?
O 150 Joules.
60 Joules.
O 319 joules.
O 630 Joules.
At a crime scene, the forensic investigator notes that the 6.2-gg lead bullet that was stopped in a doorframe apparently melted completely on impact. The specific heat of lead is 130 J/kg⋅C∘J/kg⋅C∘, the heat of fusion is 25 kJ/kgkJ/kg, the melting point is 327∘C∘C. Assuming the bullet was shot at temperature 20 ∘C∘C, what does the investigator calculate as the minimum muzzle velocity of the gun?
Earth’s surface absorbs an average of about 960. W/m2 from the Sun’s irradiance. The power absorbed is Pabs = (960. W/m2) (Adisc), where Adisc = π(RE)2 is Earth’s projected area. An equal amount of power is radiated so that Earth remains in thermal equilibrium with its environment at nearly 0 K. Estimate Earth’s surface temperature by setting the radiated power from Stefan’s law equal to the absorbed power and solving for the temperature in Kelvin. In Stefan’s law, assume e = 1 and take the area to be A = 4π(RE)2, the surface area of a spherical Earth. (Note : Earth’s atmosphere acts like a blanket and warms the planet to a global average about 30 K above the value calculated here.)
Chapter 16 Solutions
Essential University Physics
Ch. 16.1 - Is there (a) no temperature, (b) one temperature,...Ch. 16.2 - A hot rock with mass 250 g is dropped into an...Ch. 16.3 - The figure shows three slabs with the same...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 16.4GICh. 16.4 - A houses thermostat fails, leaving the furnace...Ch. 16 - Does a thermometer measure its own temperature or...Ch. 16 - Compare the relative sizes of the kelvin, the...Ch. 16 - If you put a thermometer in direct sunlight, what...Ch. 16 - Why does the temperature in a stone building...Ch. 16 - Why do large bodies of water exert a...
Ch. 16 - Stainless-steel cookware often has a layer of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 7FTDCh. 16 - Glass and fiberglass are made from the same...Ch. 16 - To keep your hands warm while skiing, you should...Ch. 16 - Global warming at Earths surface is generally...Ch. 16 - Prob. 11ECh. 16 - A Canadian meteorologist predicts an overnight low...Ch. 16 - Normal room temperature is 68F. Whats this in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 14ECh. 16 - At what temperature do the Fahrenheit and Celsius...Ch. 16 - The normal boiling point of nitrogen is 77.3 K....Ch. 16 - Prob. 17ECh. 16 - Prob. 18ECh. 16 - Prob. 19ECh. 16 - Whats the specific heat of a material if it takes...Ch. 16 - The average human diet contains about 2000 kcal...Ch. 16 - Prob. 22ECh. 16 - Prob. 23ECh. 16 - Building heat loss in the United States is usually...Ch. 16 - Find the heat-loss rate through a slab of (a) wood...Ch. 16 - Youre a builder whos advising a homeowner to have...Ch. 16 - An 8.0 m by 12 m house is built on a concrete slab...Ch. 16 - Find the -factor for a wall that loses 0.040 Btu...Ch. 16 - Compute the -factors for 1-inch thicknesses of...Ch. 16 - A horseshoe has surface area 50 cm2, and a...Ch. 16 - An oven loses energy at the rate of 14 W per C...Ch. 16 - Youre having your homes heating system replaced,...Ch. 16 - The filament of a 100-W lightbulb is at 3.0 kK....Ch. 16 - A typical human body has surface area 1.4 nr and...Ch. 16 - Example 16.2: An iron frying pan of mass 2.65 kg...Ch. 16 - Prob. 36ECh. 16 - Example 16.2: During the refueling of a nuclear...Ch. 16 - Prob. 38ECh. 16 - Example 16.7: A solar greenhouse has 435 ft2 of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 40ECh. 16 - Example 16.7: An asteroid in the belt between Mars...Ch. 16 - A constant-volume gas thermometer is filled with...Ch. 16 - A constant-volume gas thermometer is at 55-kPa...Ch. 16 - In Fig. 16.2s gas thermometer, the height h is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 46PCh. 16 - Typical fats contain about 9 kcal per gram. If the...Ch. 16 - A circular lake 1.0 km in diameter is 10 m deep...Ch. 16 - How much heat is required to raise an 800-g copper...Ch. 16 - Initially, 100 g of water and 100 g of another...Ch. 16 - Prob. 51PCh. 16 - Two neighbors return from Florida to find their...Ch. 16 - Prob. 53PCh. 16 - In the 2011 nuclear accident at Fukushima, Japan,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 55PCh. 16 - The temperature of the eardrum provides a reliable...Ch. 16 - Prob. 57PCh. 16 - Prob. 58PCh. 16 - A piece of copper at 300C is dropped into 1.0 kg...Ch. 16 - While camping, you boil water to make spaghetti....Ch. 16 - A biology labs walk-in cooler measures 3.0 m by...Ch. 16 - One end of an iron rod 40 cm long and 3.0 cm in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 63PCh. 16 - An electric stove burner has surface area 325 cm2...Ch. 16 - Youre considering purchasing a new sleeping bag...Ch. 16 - A blacksmith heats a 1.1-kg iron horseshoe to...Ch. 16 - Whats the power output of a microwave oven that...Ch. 16 - A cylindrical log 15 cm in diameter and 65 cm long...Ch. 16 - A blue giant star whose surface temperature is 23...Ch. 16 - Prob. 71PCh. 16 - Prob. 72PCh. 16 - Estimate the average temperature on Pluto,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 74PCh. 16 - Prob. 75PCh. 16 - Prob. 76PCh. 16 - Prob. 77PCh. 16 - In a cylindrical pipe where area isnt constant....Ch. 16 - Prob. 79PCh. 16 - Prob. 80PCh. 16 - A passive solar house has south-facing windows...Ch. 16 - A more realistic approach to the solar greenhouse...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...
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