PRESCOTT'S MICROBIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781264073375
Author: WILLEY
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 16.2, Problem 5CC
Summary Introduction
A change in the DNA sequence of the cell is known as a mutation. Mutations often occur in two ways such as spontaneous mutations (which arise occasionally) and induced mutations (which arise from the exposure of mutagens). The mutant (an organism containing altered or new genotype due to mutation) strain is used to study complex molecular mechanisms, for example,
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A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation?
The cell membranes are more resistant than normal.
An isotonic solution had been added instead of water.
A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water.
Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet.
The man had sickle-cell anaemia.
A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation?
The cell membranes are more resistant than normal.
An isotonic solution had been added instead of water.
A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water.
Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet.
The man had sickle-cell anaemia.
With reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobin
Chapter 16 Solutions
PRESCOTT'S MICROBIOLOGY
Ch. 16.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply List three ways in which...Ch. 16.1 - Compare and contrast the means by which the...Ch. 16.1 - Give examples of intragenic and extragenic...Ch. 16.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Sometimes a point mutation...Ch. 16.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Why might a missense...Ch. 16.2 - How would you screen for a tryptophan auxotroph?...Ch. 16.2 - Why is a small amount of histidine added to the...Ch. 16.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Describe how replica...Ch. 16.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Why are mutant selection...Ch. 16.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Briefly discuss how...
Ch. 16.2 - Describe how you would isolate a mutant that...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 16.3 - How is mismatch repair similar to DNA polymerase...Ch. 16.3 - How is damaged DNA recognized by the UvrAB...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.3 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply What role does DNA...Ch. 16.3 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply When E. coli cells are...Ch. 16.3 - Explain how the following DNA alterations and...Ch. 16.4 - An antibiotic-resistance gene located on a...Ch. 16.4 - What four fates can DNA have after entering a...Ch. 16.4 - How does homologous recombination differ from...Ch. 16.5 - What features are common to all types of...Ch. 16.5 - How does a transposon differ from an insertion...Ch. 16.5 - What is simple (cut-and-paste) transposition? What...Ch. 16.5 - What effect would you expect the existence of...Ch. 16.6 - Prob. 1MICh. 16.6 - What is bacterial conjugation and how was it...Ch. 16.6 - For F+, Hfr, and F strains of E. coli, indicate...Ch. 16.6 - Describe how F+ F and Hfr conjugation processes...Ch. 16.6 - Compare and contract F+ F and F F conjugation.Ch. 16.7 - According to this model, what would happen if DNA...Ch. 16.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.7 - Describe how transformation occurs in S....Ch. 16.7 - Discuss two ways in which artificial...Ch. 16.8 - Compare the number of transducing particles that...Ch. 16.8 - Why cant the gal and bio genes be transduced by...Ch. 16.8 - Describe generalized transduction and how it...Ch. 16.8 - What is specialized transduction and how does it...Ch. 16.8 - How might one tell whether horizontal gene...Ch. 16.8 - Why doesnt a cell lyse after successful...Ch. 16.8 - Describe how conjugation, transformation, and...Ch. 16.9 - As a replicative transposon, what would happen if...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1RCCh. 16 - Prob. 2RCCh. 16 - Prob. 3RCCh. 16 - Prob. 4RCCh. 16 - Prob. 5RCCh. 16 - Prob. 6RCCh. 16 - Mutations are often considered harmful. Give an...Ch. 16 - Mistakes made during transcription affect the cell...Ch. 16 - Suppose that transduction took place when a U-tube...Ch. 16 - Suppose that you carried out a U-tube experiment...Ch. 16 - Prob. 5ALCh. 16 - Prob. 6ALCh. 16 - Prob. 7AL
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- With reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobinarrow_forwardWhich ONE of the following is FALSE regarding haemoglobin? It has two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. The subunits are joined by disulphide bonds. Each subunit covalently binds a haem group. Conformational change in one subunit can be transmitted to another. There are many variant ("mutant") forms of haemoglobin that are not harmful.arrow_forwardWhich ONE of the following is FALSE regarding haemoglobin? It has two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. The subunits are joined by disulphide bonds. Each subunit covalently binds a haem group. Conformational change in one subunit can be transmitted to another. There are many variant ("mutant") forms of haemoglobin that are not harmful.arrow_forward
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