(a) Interpretation: The pOH of solution should be calculated. If the solution is acidic, neutral or basic should be indicated. Concept Introduction: The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more than the solution is more acetic, if it is low, solution is less acidic. The pH of solution is defined as negative log of hydrogen ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows: p H = − log H + Here, H + is concentration of hydrogen ion. Similarly, pOH of a solution is defined as negative log of hydroxide ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows: p O H = − log OH − Here, OH − is concentration of hydroxide ion. pH and pOH of a solution are related to each other as follows: p H + p O H = 14 In a pH scale, if the value of pH is below 7 the solution is said to be acidic in nature, if the pH value is above 7 it is said to be basic in nature. At pH 7, the solution is neutral.
(a) Interpretation: The pOH of solution should be calculated. If the solution is acidic, neutral or basic should be indicated. Concept Introduction: The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more than the solution is more acetic, if it is low, solution is less acidic. The pH of solution is defined as negative log of hydrogen ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows: p H = − log H + Here, H + is concentration of hydrogen ion. Similarly, pOH of a solution is defined as negative log of hydroxide ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows: p O H = − log OH − Here, OH − is concentration of hydroxide ion. pH and pOH of a solution are related to each other as follows: p H + p O H = 14 In a pH scale, if the value of pH is below 7 the solution is said to be acidic in nature, if the pH value is above 7 it is said to be basic in nature. At pH 7, the solution is neutral.
Solution Summary: The author explains how the pH and pOH of a solution are related to each other.
The pOH of solution should be calculated. If the solution is acidic, neutral or basic should be indicated.
Concept Introduction:
The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more than the solution is more acetic, if it is low, solution is less acidic.
The pH of solution is defined as negative log of hydrogen ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows:
pH=−logH+
Here, H+ is concentration of hydrogen ion.
Similarly, pOH of a solution is defined as negative log of hydroxide ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows:
pOH=−logOH−
Here, OH− is concentration of hydroxide ion.
pH and pOH of a solution are related to each other as follows:
pH+pOH=14
In a pH scale, if the value of pH is below 7 the solution is said to be acidic in nature, if the pH value is above 7 it is said to be basic in nature. At pH 7, the solution is neutral.
Interpretation Introduction
(b)
Interpretation:
The pOH of solution should be calculated. If the solution is acidic, neutral or basic should be indicated.
Concept Introduction:
The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more than the solution is more acetic, if it is low, solution is less acidic.
The pH of solution is defined as negative log of hydrogen ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows:
pH=−logH+
Here, H+ is concentration of hydrogen ion.
Similarly, pOH of a solution is defined as negative log of hydroxide ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows:
pOH=−logOH−
Here, OH− is concentration of hydroxide ion.
pH and pOH of a solution are related to each other as follows:
pH+pOH=14
In a pH scale, if the value of pH is below 7 the solution is said to be acidic in nature, if the pH value is above 7 it is said to be basic in nature. At pH 7, the solution is neutral.
Interpretation Introduction
(c)
Interpretation:
The pOH of solution should be calculated. If the solution is acidic, neutral or basic should be indicated.
Concept Introduction:
The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more than the solution is more acetic, if it is low, solution is less acidic.
The pH of solution is defined as negative log of hydrogen ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows:
pH=−logH+
Here, H+ is concentration of hydrogen ion.
Similarly, pOH of a solution is defined as negative log of hydroxide ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows:
pOH=−logOH−
Here, OH− is concentration of hydroxide ion.
pH and pOH of a solution are related to each other as follows:
pH+pOH=14
In a pH scale, if the value of pH is below 7 the solution is said to be acidic in nature, if the Ph value is above 7 it is said to be basic in nature. At pH 7, the solution is neutral.
Interpretation Introduction
(d)
Interpretation:
The pOH of solution should be calculated. If the solution is acidic, neutral or basic should be indicated.
Concept Introduction:
The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines the acidity of a solution. If concentration of hydrogen ion is more than the solution is more acetic, if it is low, solution is less acidic.
The pH of solution is defined as negative log of hydrogen ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows:
pH=−logH+
Here, H+ is concentration of hydrogen ion.
Similarly, pOH of a solution is defined as negative log of hydroxide ion concentration thus, it can be calculated as follows:
pOH=−logOH−
Here, OH− is concentration of hydroxide ion.
pH and pOH of a solution are related to each other as follows:
pH+pOH=14
In a pH scale, if the value of pH is below 7 the solution is said to be acidic in nature, if the pH value is above 7 it is said to be basic in nature. At pH 7, the solution is neutral.
The inductive effect (+I and -I) in benzene derivatives, does it guide ortho, meta or para?
19.57 Using one of the reactions in this chapter, give the correct starting material (A-L)
needed to produce each structure (a-f). Name the type of reaction used.
(b)
ہ مرد
(d)
HO
(c)
དང་ ་་ཡིན་ད་དང་
(f)
HO
Br
B
D
of
oli
H
J
Br
K
C
人
↑
Inductive effect (+I and -I) in benzene derivatives.
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