Chapter 16, Problem 8CE

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The effect of adding ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{Cl}$ in equilibrium reaction, ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{OH}\left(aq\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{NH}}_4{}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{OH}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Equilibrium constant is a constant at any point of equilibrium; where, the ratio of the concentration of the products, each raised to power of their respective coefficient, to the concentration of the reactants, each raised to a power of their respective coefficient. Increase in concentration of any species, shifts the equilibrium in a direction to counteract the change.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The effect of adding $\text{NaOH}$ in equilibrium reaction, ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\text{OH}\left(aq\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{NH}}_4{}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\text{OH}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$ is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Equilibrium constant is a constant at any point of equilibrium; where, the ratio of the concentration of the products, each raised to power of their respective coefficient, to the concentration of the reactants, each raised to a power of their respective coefficient. Increase in concentration of any species, shifts the equilibrium in a direction to counteract the change.