Chapter 16, Problem 53E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The oxidation state of $\text{Cl}$ is to be determined for each given ions.

Concept introduction:

Electron losing tendency of any atom is known as oxidation state of that atom.

Oxidation state is defined as a charge which an atom of the element has in its ion or appears to have when present in the combined state with other atoms.

Rule for calculation of oxidation state is as follows:

In free element oxidation state of atom is $0$.

In monoatomic ion oxidation is given by its charge.

The sum of oxidation of all atoms in neutral molecule is equal to $0$.

In ionic compound oxidation state is equal to the charge of the compound.

Alkali metal and alkaline earth metals have +1 and +2 oxidation state respectively.

Atoms show oxidation state according to octet rule by accepting or donating their electrons.